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Bi Sheng invented movable clay type in China around 1041 AD โ nearly four centuries before Gutenberg. However, the Chinese writing system contains thousands of characters (Mandarin has over 50,000, with several thousand in common use), compared to the 26-letter Latin alphabet used in European languages. Setting up movable type for Chinese therefore required an enormous number of individual pieces, making it cumbersome and time-consuming โ often slower than traditional block printing for short or medium runs. By contrast, a European printer needed only a small set of metal type for the entire alphabet, making Gutenberg's press extraordinarily efficient for European languages. This alphabetic advantage is a key reason the printing press became a revolutionary mass communication tool in Europe but remained a marginal improvement in China. Interestingly, Gutenberg also used durable oil-based ink and rag paper introduced to Europe via Muslim trade routes, further improving output quality.
The 7 numbers are: 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36.
Largest \(= 33 + 3 = 36\).
In which circumstances are unit costing and job costing used?
| Option | Unit Costing | Job Costing |
|---|---|---|
| A | When a quantity of identical items is made | When each product is different |
| B | When each product is different | In continuous operations |
| C | In continuous operations | In continuous operations |
| D | When a quantity of identical items is made | When each product is different |
Option A is correct.
- Unit costing: Used for large quantities of identical products in a continuous process (e.g., bricks, bottles).
- Job costing: Used when each job/product is unique (e.g., construction, custom printing).
(Select the best word. Note: two words produce sentences alike in meaning โ choose the most accurate.)
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