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Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #790

Molarity of heavy water $(\text{D}_2\text{O})$:

55.5 mol dm$^{-3}$
60.5 mol dm$^{-3}$
40.5 mol dm$^{-3}$
50.5 mol dm$^{-3}$✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Molarity of heavy water $= \dfrac{\text{density} \times 1000}{\text{molar mass}} = \dfrac{1.105 \times 1000}{20} \approx 55.5$ mol dm$^{-3}$. Note: The paper marks 50.5 but the accepted value is ~55.5.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3104

Question 2

'Systolic' blood pressure refers to the pressure when the:

Heart is relaxing
Ventricles are contracting✔️
Atria are filling
Blood is stagnant

Correct Answer Logic:

Systole is the phase of contraction; diastole is the phase of relaxation.

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Home Economics QUESTION #6267

Question 3

A deficiency of Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) is most commonly associated with which type of anemia?

Pernicious Anemia✔️
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Aplastic Anemia
Sickle Cell Anemia

Correct Answer Logic:

Pernicious anemia is caused by the body's inability to absorb B12 due to a lack of intrinsic factor.

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General Abilities QUESTION #7993

Question 4

${}^5\!/_2 \times {}^2\!/_5 = ?$

${}^7\!/_{11}$
3
${}^1\!/_3$
1✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

$\dfrac{5}{2} \times \dfrac{2}{5} = \dfrac{10}{10} = 1$

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General Knowledge QUESTION #7706

Question 5

Who won the presidential elections in Turkiye in 2023?

Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan✔️
Ekrem İmamoğlu
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan won the Turkish presidential election in May 2023, defeating opposition candidate Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu in a runoff election. Erdoğan secured his third presidential term, extending his rule that began in 2003 as Prime Minister.

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Quantitative Reasoning QUESTION #8019

Question 6

Choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to ENERVATE

recuperate
resurrect
renovate
strengthen✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

ENERVATE means to weaken or drain of energy. The opposite is to make strong or give energy. Strengthen is correct: enervate means to weaken, while strengthen means to make strong—direct opposites.

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Reading and Writing (Module-1) QUESTION #5430

Question 7

A French monarch's reign, whether consequential or uneventful, was shaped by legitimacy questions. So it cannot be understood without knowing how the monarch ____ his right to the throne.

reciprocate
annotate
buttress✔️
disengage

Correct Answer Logic:

To support or strengthen his right is "buttress".

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General Knowledge QUESTION #2591

Question 8

What is 'Character Encoding' primarily used for in computing?

To compress large files for faster email attachments
To assign binary values to characters so that humans can read them on screen✔️
To convert images into printable text documents
To protect documents with passwords

Correct Answer Logic:

Character encoding is used to assign binary values to characters so that we as humans can read them. Without it, computers — which only understand 1s and 0s — would have no way to display recognizable letters, numbers, or symbols.

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Agronomy QUESTION #2075

Question 9

Weeds are classified as 'obligate weeds' when they:

Can survive equally well in cultivated and natural undisturbed habitats
Are exclusively associated with cultivated land and cannot persist in natural plant communities — their survival depends entirely on the disturbance created by agricultural operations✔️
Are resistant to all registered herbicides in a given crop
Produce allelopathic chemicals that suppress crop germination

Correct Answer Logic:

Obligate (or agrestal) weeds are ecologically specialized to agricultural habitats — they germinate with crop seeds, mimic crop morphology (Vavilovian mimicry), and cannot compete in undisturbed natural vegetation. Examples include Phalaris minor in wheat and Echinochloa crus-galli in rice. Their persistence is entirely dependent on continued soil disturbance through tillage.

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Agronomy QUESTION #2114

Question 10

The 'denitrification-decomposition' (DNDC) model and similar biogeochemical models are used in agronomy to:

Design crop rotation sequences that maximize grain yield only
Simulate carbon and nitrogen cycling, greenhouse gas emissions ($CO_2$, $CH_4$, $N_2O$), and crop growth responses to management practices and climate scenarios — enabling scenario analysis for climate-smart agriculture planning without costly field experiments✔️
Predict weed population dynamics under different herbicide programs
Calculate economic returns from different fertilizer application strategies

Correct Answer Logic:

DNDC (Li et al., 1992) is a process-based model simulating soil C and N biogeochemistry: decomposition, nitrification, denitrification, fermentation (CH₄ in paddy), and plant growth. It uses weather, soil, vegetation, and management inputs to predict N₂O, CH₄, CO₂ emissions and crop yields under different scenarios. It is widely used for national GHG inventories, climate-smart agriculture planning, and designing mitigation strategies for agricultural emissions.

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Economics QUESTION #1688

Question 11

The doctrine of comparative advantage predicts that mutual gains from international trade arise when:

Both absolute and comparative advantage are present in both trading countries simultaneously
Opportunity costs for the same good are identical across all trading partners
Significant economies of scale exist in both trading economies
Each country specialises in producing goods in which its relative opportunity cost is lowest✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

David Ricardo's Law of Comparative Advantage (1817) states that a country should specialise in and export the good in which it has the lowest opportunity cost (relative efficiency), even if it is absolutely less efficient at producing all goods. The key is relative (comparative) not absolute efficiency. Gains from trade arise from differences in opportunity costs — not from their equality.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #2626

Question 12

DRIVERS in computing are:

Physical cables used to connect hard drives to the motherboard
Instructions that the CPU needs to understand and communicate with external devices like keyboards, webcams, and printers✔️
A type of cooling system used to regulate CPU temperature
The slots on a motherboard where RAM modules are inserted

Correct Answer Logic:

Drivers contain the instructions our CPU needs to understand external devices like keyboards, webcams, and printers. Without the correct driver installed, the computer cannot communicate properly with a connected peripheral device.

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Chemistry QUESTION #4376

Question 13

A chemical reaction has a theoretical yield of $25\ g$, but only $20\ g$ of product was obtained. What is the percentage yield?

20%
25%
45%
80%✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

$\% yield = \dfrac{actual\ yield}{theoretical\ yield} \times 100 = \dfrac{20}{25} \times 100 = 80\%$.

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English QUESTION #2662

Question 14

Identify the word similar in meaning to: 'METICULOUS'

Careless
Thorough✔️
Lazy
Quick

Correct Answer Logic:

'Meticulous' means showing great attention to detail; 'thorough' is a synonym.

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Urdu QUESTION #1412

Question 15

شبلی نعمانی معروف کتاب سیرتِ النبی ﷺ کی ایک جلد لکھ سکے باقی سید سلمان ندوی نے لکھیں۔ انہوں نے کتنی جلدیں لکھیں؟

تین✔️
چار
پانچ
چھ

Correct Answer Logic:

شبلی نعمانی (1857–1914) نے ''سیرتِ النبیٖ ﷺ'' کی صرف ایک جلد لکھی اور پھر انتقال کر گئے۔ ان کے شاگرد سید سلمان ندوی (1884–1953) نے باقی چھ جلدیں مکمل کیں۔ یوں اس عظیم کتاب کی مجموعی سات جلدیں ہیں — شبلی کی ایک اور سلمان ندوی کی چھ۔ مگر سوال کے مطابق شبلی نے ''تین'' جلدیں لکھیں — بعض روایات کے مطابق تین جلدیں بھی بیان کی جاتی ہیں۔

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Verbal Reasoning QUESTION #70

Question 16

A box contains 5 red, 3 blue, and 2 green balls. Two balls are drawn at random without replacement.

1/5
7/15
17/45✔️
8/15

Correct Answer Logic:

Total balls = 10

Use complement method:

P(at least one green)

= 1 − P(no green)

Balls without green = 8

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3107

Question 17

Where does the actual gas exchange ($O_2$ and $CO_2$) occur in the lungs?

Trachea
Bronchi
Alveoli✔️
Pharynx

Correct Answer Logic:

Alveoli are tiny air sacs with thin walls optimized for diffusion.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3320

Question 18

'Pasteurization' of milk is intended to kill which specific pathogen?

*Salmonella*
*Mycobacterium tuberculosis* and *Coxiella burnetii*
*E. coli*
All of these✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Modern pasteurization is designed to eliminate common foodborne pathogens and spoilage organisms.

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Planning QUESTION #4970

Question 19

What is the primary limitation of Euclidean Zoning in modern urban planning?

It allows mixed-use development
It separates incompatible uses too rigidly✔️
It provides too much flexibility
It ignores environmental concerns

Correct Answer Logic:

Euclidean Zoning (named after Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.) rigidly separates land uses into single-use zones, leading to sprawl, increased travel distances, and reduced walkability—contradicting contemporary mixed-use and sustainable development principles.

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Mathematics QUESTION #7457

Question 20

If $L_1$ is the line of intersection of the planes $2x - 2y + 3z - 2 = 0$, $x - y + z + 1 = 0$ and $L_2$ is the line of intersection of the planes $x + 2y - z - 3 = 0$, $3x - y + 2z - 1 = 0$, then the distance of the origin from the plane containing the lines $L_1$ and $L_2$, is:

$\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}$✔️
$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
$\frac{1}{4\sqrt{2}}$
$\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}}$

Correct Answer Logic:

First find direction vectors of $L_1$ and $L_2$. For $L_1$, cross product of normals $(2,-2,3)$ and $(1,-1,1)$ gives $\vec{d_1} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 2 & -2 & 3 \\ 1 & -1 & 1 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(-2+3) - \hat{j}(2-3) + \hat{k}(-2+2) = \hat{i} + \hat{j}$, or $(1,1,0)$. For $L_2$, cross product of $(1,2,-1)$ and $(3,-1,2)$ gives $\vec{d_2} = \begin{vmatrix} \hat{i} & \hat{j} & \hat{k} \\ 1 & 2 & -1 \\ 3 & -1 & 2 \end{vmatrix} = \hat{i}(4-1) - \hat{j}(2+3) + \hat{k}(-1-6) = 3\hat{i} - 5\hat{j} - 7\hat{k}$, or $(3,-5,-7)$. Find a point on each line, then find the normal to the plane containing both lines by cross product of direction vectors. This is a lengthy calculation. The distance formula gives $\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}$.

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