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English QUESTION #2653

Question 1

Identify the passive form of: 'They are playing football.'

Football is played by them.
Football was being played by them.
Football is being played by them.✔️
Football has been played by them.

Correct Answer Logic:

Present Continuous passive requires 'is/am/are + being + past participle'.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #8257

Question 2

Who was Ahmad bin baytar?

Batonist✔️
Chemist
Minister
Physicist

Correct Answer Logic:

Ahmad ibn al-Baytar (though the name might be confused with Ibn al-Baitar) was a renowned botanist and pharmacist from Muslim Spain (Al-Andalus). He lived in the 13th century and was an expert in medicinal plants. His most famous work 'Kitab al-Jami fi al-Adwiya al-Mufrada' (The Book of Simple Drugs) documented over 1,400 medicinal plants and drugs, making him one of the greatest botanists in history.

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Business, Public administration and Policy QUESTION #10547

Question 3

A major criticism directed at New Public Management (NPM) is that it:

Increases direct democratic participation by the public
Eliminates market-based incentives from government
Strengthens hierarchical bureaucratic control
Weakens public accountability and core public service values✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Critics of NPM — particularly proponents of New Public Governance and public administration scholars like Christopher Hood and Joanna Gruber — argue that NPM's market orientation, managerialism, and performance measurement undermine democratic accountability, public service ethos, equity, and citizen rights. By treating government like a business and citizens as customers, NPM neglects the distinctive political and ethical character of public service.

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Dairy Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5897

Question 4

In CIP (Cleaning-In-Place) of dairy equipment, the correct sequence of steps is:

Hot water rinse $\rightarrow$ caustic wash $\rightarrow$ acid wash $\rightarrow$ sanitizer $\rightarrow$ final rinse
Pre-rinse (warm water $35\text{–}40^{\circ}\text{C}$) $\rightarrow$ caustic wash (NaOH $1\text{–}2\%$, $70\text{–}80^{\circ}\text{C}$) $\rightarrow$ intermediate rinse $\rightarrow$ acid wash $\rightarrow$ final rinse $\rightarrow$ sanitizer✔️
Acid wash $\rightarrow$ caustic wash $\rightarrow$ pre-rinse $\rightarrow$ sanitizer
Sanitizer $\rightarrow$ caustic wash $\rightarrow$ acid wash $\rightarrow$ water rinse

Correct Answer Logic:

Standard CIP sequence: (1) Pre-rinse with warm water ($35\text{–}40^{\circ}\text{C}$); (2) Alkaline wash (NaOH $1\text{–}2\%$ at $70\text{–}80^{\circ}\text{C}$) to remove proteins and fats; (3) Intermediate water rinse; (4) Acid wash ($\text{HNO}_3$ or $\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4$ $0.5\text{–}1\%$) to remove milkstone; (5) Final water rinse; (6) Sanitizer before use.

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Physics QUESTION #7858

Question 5

Vertical and horizontal components of projectile motion are:

Correlated
Dependent
Independent✔️
Associated

Correct Answer Logic:

They are independent (perpendicular).

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Information Technology QUESTION #1144

Question 6

Which protocol is used to map an IP address to a physical (MAC) address?

DNS
DHCP
ARP✔️
ICMP

Correct Answer Logic:

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to discover the hardware address of a device when only its IP address is known.

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #9047

Question 7

The appointment of the Chief Justice of Pakistan is made by:

The Prime Minister
The President✔️
The Supreme Judicial Council
Parliament

Correct Answer Logic:

The President appoints the Chief Justice on the advice of the Prime Minister.

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Biology Zoology Botany QUESTION #10812

Question 8

Fleas are blood-feeding ectoparasites that feed primarily on:

Crustaceans
Blood✔️
Hair
Skin

Correct Answer Logic:

Fleas (order Siphonaptera) are obligate blood-feeding ectoparasites on mammals and birds. Both adult males and females feed on blood using piercing-sucking mouthparts. They are important vectors of disease — the rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopis) transmits Yersinia pestis (plague) and Rickettsia typhi (murine typhus). Flea larvae, however, feed on organic debris including adult flea faeces (dried blood).

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MCQs Section QUESTION #5273

Question 9

علامہ اقبال کی کس کتاب میں ان کا اردو اور فارسی کلام اکٹھا چھپا ہے؟

ضربِ کلیم
ارمغانِ حجاز✔️
بانگِ درا
بالِ جبریل

Correct Answer Logic:

ارمغانِ حجاز وہ واحد کتاب ہے جس میں علامہ اقبال کا اردو اور فارسی دونوں کا کلام موجود ہے۔

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Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #4332

Question 10

Why are retroviruses placed in a separate class of RNA viruses?

They always infect animal cells only
Their RNA acts directly as mRNA
They lack protein coats
They use reverse transcriptase to make DNA from RNA✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Retroviruses (e.g., HIV) carry reverse transcriptase, which synthesizes DNA from their RNA genome — the reverse of the normal DNA $\rightarrow$ RNA flow, hence the name retrovirus.

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English QUESTION #2715

Question 11

Complete the analogy: 'Teacher : School :: ___ : Kitchen'

Doctor
Chef✔️
Farmer
Lawyer

Correct Answer Logic:

A teacher works in a school; a chef works in a kitchen.

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Library Sciences QUESTION #1559

Question 12

The principle of 'hospitality' in classification refers to:

The welcoming attitude of library staff toward users
The capacity of a classification system to accommodate new subjects without disrupting the existing notation✔️
The practice of providing comfortable reading spaces
The cooperation between libraries in sharing resources

Correct Answer Logic:

Hospitality in classification theory means a system's ability to insert new subjects, disciplines, or topics into the existing structure without requiring fundamental reorganization. DDC and UDC are considered more hospitable than older enumerative systems because of their faceted and hierarchical structure.

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Logical Reasoning QUESTION #3945

Question 13

Select the pair with a similar relationship to IMPLICATE : COMPLICATE

Vitality : Inevitable✔️
Empathy : Sympathy
Importune : Construct
Imply : Simplify

Correct Answer Logic:

3

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Administration QUESTION #9610

Question 14

A company collects customer data through its loyalty programme and uses predictive analytics to identify customers likely to churn within 90 days. It then offers targeted retention incentives only to those customers. This strategy combines which two management disciplines, and what ethical boundary must the company navigate?

Operations management and financial management — the ethical boundary is fair pricing across customer segments
Marketing management (CRM and retention strategy) and Management Information Systems (predictive analytics on customer data) — the ethical boundary is data privacy and informed consent; customers must have agreed to this use of their personal data under applicable data protection regulations, otherwise the predictive targeting violates privacy rights✔️
Strategic management and human resource management — the ethical boundary is employee data security during the analytics process
Supply chain management and marketing — the ethical boundary is that predictive models may discriminate against certain demographic groups in the incentive allocation

Correct Answer Logic:

Predictive churn modelling integrates MIS (data infrastructure, machine learning algorithms applied to loyalty data) with CRM/marketing strategy (targeted retention interventions). The critical ethical dimension is data privacy: the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and Pakistan's Personal Data Protection Bill require that customers provide informed consent for their data to be used for profiling and automated decision-making. Using loyalty data for predictive targeting without explicit consent is a regulatory violation regardless of its commercial effectiveness.

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Mathematics QUESTION #6957

Question 15

Evaluate: $\displaystyle\lim_{x\to1^-}\dfrac{\sqrt{\pi}-\sqrt{2\sin^{-1}x}}{\sqrt{1-x}}$

$\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}$
$\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{\pi}}$
$\sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{2}}$✔️
$\sqrt{\pi}$

Correct Answer Logic:

Let $\sin^{-1}x = \pi/2-\epsilon$ where $\epsilon\to0^+$ as $x\to1^-$. Then $x=\sin(\pi/2-\epsilon)=\cos\epsilon\approx1-\epsilon^2/2$, so $1-x\approx\epsilon^2/2$.

$\sqrt{\pi}-\sqrt{2(\pi/2-\epsilon)}=\sqrt{\pi}-\sqrt{\pi-2\epsilon}=\sqrt{\pi}\left(1-\sqrt{1-\frac{2\epsilon}{\pi}}\right)\approx\sqrt{\pi}\cdot\dfrac{\epsilon}{\pi}=\dfrac{\epsilon}{\sqrt{\pi}}$

$\sqrt{1-x}\approx\sqrt{\epsilon^2/2}=\epsilon/\sqrt{2}$

Limit $=\dfrac{\epsilon/\sqrt{\pi}}{\epsilon/\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{\pi}}$

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Paper-I (Pharmaceutics II (Industrial and Quality Control) and Pharmaceutics III (Hospital and Community Pharmacy)) QUESTION #5689

Question 16

A 'Liniment' is distinguished from a 'Lotion' primarily by which characteristic?

It is an aqueous solution
It must be applied with friction✔️
It is intended for internal use
It is used for ophthalmic purposes

Correct Answer Logic:

Liniments are liquid or semi-liquid preparations intended for application to the skin with friction or rubbing.

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Physics QUESTION #7832

Question 17

Capacitance increases with decrease in:

Dielectric constant
Plate area
Permittivity
Plate separation✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

C ∝ 1/d, so decreasing d increases C.

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Psychology QUESTION #11371

Question 18

A behavior is increased after an observer sees another person demonstrating the behavior is called:

Modeling✔️
Cueing
Shaping
Extinction

Correct Answer Logic:

A behavior increased after an observer sees another person demonstrating it is called Modeling.

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Psychology QUESTION #9764

Question 19

Research evidence indicates that greater genetic similarity is associated with greater similarity in attitudes.

True✔️
False
Partially true
Not proven

Correct Answer Logic:

True. Twin studies show a significant heritable component to attitudes. Identical (monozygotic) twins show greater attitudinal similarity than fraternal (dizygotic) twins, supporting a genetic contribution to attitude formation.

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Maths QUESTION #2862

Question 20

Find the value of each interior angle of a regular hexagon.

100°
110°
120°✔️
135°

Correct Answer Logic:

Sum of interior angles of a polygon with $n$ sides $= (n-2) \times 180°$. For hexagon $(n=6)$: $= 4 \times 180° = 720°$. Each angle $= \dfrac{720°}{6} = 120°$.

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