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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3348
Question 1
Which metal is known for its 'Oligodynamic' antimicrobial action?
  • Iron
  • Silverโœ”๏ธ
  • Sodium
  • Calcium
Correct Answer Logic:
Very small amounts of heavy metals like silver or copper can kill bacteria.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
English QUESTION #8399
Question 2
Fill in the blanks: '_______ Indus River is _______ longest river in South Asia.'
  • the/-
  • - /the
  • the/theโœ”๏ธ
  • a/the
Correct Answer Logic:
'The' for rivers; 'the' for superlatives.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Education QUESTION #7585
Question 3
The most valid way to assess students' problem-solving skills is:
  • Oral quiz
  • Written objective test
  • Real-life task or case studyโœ”๏ธ
  • True/False questions
Correct Answer Logic:
Real-life tasks or case studies provide the most valid assessment of problem-solving because they require authentic application of critical thinking in meaningful contexts.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Chemistry QUESTION #1441
Question 4
In IR spectroscopy, the fingerprint region is found in the range:
  • 4000โ€“2500 cm\(^{-1}\)
  • 2500โ€“1500 cm\(^{-1}\)
  • 1500โ€“600 cm\(^{-1}\)โœ”๏ธ
  • None of these
Correct Answer Logic:
The fingerprint region in IR spectroscopy is the range from approximately 1500 to 600 cm\(^{-1}\). This region contains complex, overlapping absorption bands arising from Cโ€“O, Cโ€“N, Cโ€“X stretching and various bending vibrations that are unique to each molecule โ€” like a molecular fingerprint. The region 4000โ€“2500 cm\(^{-1}\) is the functional group region (Xโ€“H stretches).
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Correct Answer Logic:
\(K_c = \frac{k_f}{k_b} = \frac{1}{2500} = 4\times10^{-4}\). For \(\text{A}\rightleftharpoons 2\text{B}\): \(\Delta n = 2-1=1\). \(K_p = K_c(RT)^{\Delta n} = \frac{1}{2500}\times(0.0831\times1000)^1 = \frac{83.1}{2500} = 0.03324 \approx 0.033\).
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Nursing QUESTION #9154
Question 6
The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Pakistan protects children against how many diseases currently?
  • 8 diseases
  • 10 diseases
  • 12 diseasesโœ”๏ธ
  • 14 diseases
Correct Answer Logic:

Pakistan's Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) currently protects children against 12 vaccine-preventable diseases:

  1. Tuberculosis (BCG)
  2. Poliomyelitis (OPV/IPV)
  3. Diphtheria
  4. Pertussis (Whooping cough)
  5. Tetanus
  6. Hepatitis B
  7. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
  8. Pneumococcal disease (PCV)
  9. Rotavirus diarrhea
  10. Measles
  11. Rubella
  12. Typhoid (recently added)

As a Head Nurse, knowing the current EPI schedule is mandatory for supervising vaccination services at community level.

Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Information Technology QUESTION #1113
Question 7
What is the main goal of Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)?
  • To enhance maturity of software processโœ”๏ธ
  • To increase the quality of software
  • To provide user friendly experience
  • None of these
Correct Answer Logic:
The primary objective of CMMI is to provide a framework for improving the maturity of an organization's processes to improve performance and product quality.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Correct Answer Logic:

Roots: $x=\frac{-2\pm\sqrt{4-8}}{2}=-1\pm i$. So $\alpha=-1+i, \beta=-1-i$.

In polar form: $|\alpha|=\sqrt{2}$, $\arg(\alpha)=\frac{3\pi}{4}$. So $\alpha=\sqrt{2}\,e^{i3\pi/4}$.

$\alpha^{15}=(\sqrt{2})^{15}e^{i\cdot45\pi/4}=2^{15/2}e^{i\pi/4}$ (since $45\pi/4=11\pi+\pi/4$, so $e^{i45\pi/4}=e^{i\pi/4}\cdot(-1)^{11}=-e^{i\pi/4}$... careful: $45/4=11.25$, $11\pi+\pi/4$, $e^{i(11\pi+\pi/4)}=e^{i\pi}\cdot e^{i\pi/4} \cdot (-1)^{10}... $)

More cleanly: $\alpha^{15}+\beta^{15}=2\,\text{Re}(\alpha^{15})=2(\sqrt{2})^{15}\cos\!\left(\frac{45\pi}{4}\right)$. Since $\cos(45\pi/4)=\cos(\pi/4+11\pi)=-\cos(\pi/4)=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$: $=2\cdot2^{15/2}\cdot(-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})=-2^{15/2+1-1/2}=-2^8=-\mathbf{256}$

Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3549
Question 9
The 'Stomata' are tiny pores mostly found on:
  • Roots
  • Stems
  • Leavesโœ”๏ธ
  • Seeds
Correct Answer Logic:
Stomata are used for gas exchange and transpiration.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Civil Procedure QUESTION #3733
Question 10
Under the Model Penal Code, a person acts 'recklessly' when they:
  • Have a conscious objective to engage in the conduct.
  • Are aware that it is practically certain their conduct will cause the result.
  • Consciously disregard a substantial and unjustifiable risk.โœ”๏ธ
  • Should be aware of a substantial and unjustifiable risk.
Correct Answer Logic:
The MPC defines four levels of culpability: Purposely, Knowingly, Recklessly (conscious disregard of risk), and Negligently (failure to perceive risk).
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Law QUESTION #9501
Question 11
The trial Court in a civil suit, after full trial, passes a judgment. The losing party B files an appeal. The appellate Court, without conducting a hearing on merits, reverses the trial Court's decree only because it disagrees with the trial Court's findings of fact, without identifying any specific perversity or misreading of evidence. Is this valid appellate exercise?
  • Yes; an appellate Court can freely re-appreciate evidence
  • No; an appellate Court can reverse only on questions of law
  • Yes; a first appeal is a rehearing on facts and law
  • No; while an appellate Court can re-appreciate evidence, reversal requires more than mere disagreement; the appellate Court must assign reasons for disagreeing with the trial Court's findings and identify how the evidence was misread or ignoredโœ”๏ธ
Correct Answer Logic:
The CPC and settled principles of appellate jurisprudence require that a first appellate Court, while having jurisdiction to reassess evidence, must not substitute its own findings for those of the trial Court without adequate reasons. Reversal on facts requires the appellate Court to demonstrate perversity, misreading, or improper appreciation of evidence, not mere disagreement.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
CISA QUESTION #6820
Question 12
An organization's IT steering committee meets quarterly but has no documented minutes, decisions, or follow-up action items. What does this MOST significantly indicate about IT governance?
  • Efficient streamlined processes
  • Lack of accountability and audit trail for governance decisionsโœ”๏ธ
  • Cost-effective meeting management
  • Strong informal governance
Correct Answer Logic:
Governance requires documented decision-making processes, accountability, and audit trails. Without minutes or documented decisions, there is no evidence that governance is occurring, no accountability for decisions made, and no way to track implementation or measure effectiveness of strategic direction.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Correct Answer Logic:
A product audit systematically compares a finished item โ€” including its physical attributes, dimensions, markings, colour, and features โ€” against the design specifications that governed its production. In the context of IS auditing, this type of audit is particularly relevant when certifying custom-built software or reviewing software prior to release from a development organisation, where the auditor must verify that the delivered product matches what was specified.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
CISA QUESTION #1777
Question 14
Which computer-assisted audit tool (CAAT) is specifically engineered to run simulated transactions alongside real transactions in a live system?
  • Continuous and intermittent simulation
  • Embedded program audit hooks
  • Embedded audit moduleโœ”๏ธ
  • Online event monitor
Correct Answer Logic:
An embedded audit module (EAM) is embedded directly within the application and processes dummy transactions concurrently with genuine ones. Its purpose is to verify that the production system is operating correctly without disrupting normal transaction processing.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Tourism & Hospitality Management QUESTION #1613
Question 15
The Tourism and Hospitality Laws course addresses 'the law of tort' as relevant to hospitality operations. Which of the following scenarios would most directly engage tort law in a hotel context?
  • A hotel failing to renew its business registration on time
  • A guest slipping on an unmarked wet floor in the hotel lobby and sustaining injury due to the hotel's negligenceโœ”๏ธ
  • A chef preparing food that does not meet a guest's flavor preference
  • A hotel raising its room rates during peak season
Correct Answer Logic:
The Tourism and Hospitality Laws course covers torts โ€” specifically negligence, trademark infringement, and fraud โ€” in Module 2. A guest injured due to the hotel's failure to maintain safe premises (e.g., an unmarked wet floor) is a classic negligence tort scenario in which the hotel owes a duty of care and may be held liable for breach of that duty.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Physics QUESTION #7230
Question 16

If force ($F$), velocity ($V$), and time ($T$) are taken as fundamental units, then the dimensions of mass in this system are:

  • $[FV^{-1}T^{-1}]$
  • $[FV^{-1}T^{1}]$
  • $[FVT^{-1}]$
  • $[FV^{-1}T]$โœ”๏ธ
Correct Answer Logic:

From Newton's second law: $F = ma = m\dfrac{v}{t}$

So $m = \dfrac{Ft}{v}$

In terms of fundamental units F, V, T:

$[m] = \dfrac{[F][T]}{[V]} = FV^{-1}T$

Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Mathematics QUESTION #1299
Question 17
The solution of \(\sqrt{1-y^2}\,dx-\sqrt{1-x^2}\,dy=0\) with \(y(0)=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) is:
  • \(\arcsin x - \arcsin y = \dfrac{\pi}{3}\)
  • \(\arcsin x = \arcsin y - \dfrac{\pi}{3}\)โœ”๏ธ
  • \(x + y = \sqrt{3}\)
  • \(\arcsin x + \arcsin y = \pi\)
Correct Answer Logic:
Integrating: \(\arcsin x = \arcsin y + C\). At \(x=0\), \(y=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\): \(0=\arcsin\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}+C=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+C\Rightarrow C=-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\). So \(\arcsin x=\arcsin y-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\).
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #2981
Question 18
The 'Formulary' part of a pharmacopoeia typically contains:
  • History of drugs
  • Formulas for preparing dosage formsโœ”๏ธ
  • Names of all doctors in the country
  • Price lists of medicines
Correct Answer Logic:
A formulary provides specific recipes and instructions for compounding pharmaceutical preparations.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
English QUESTION #2734
Question 19
Change to ACTIVE VOICE: 'A song is being sung by her.'
  • She sings a song.
  • She was singing a song.
  • She is singing a song.โœ”๏ธ
  • She sang a song.
Correct Answer Logic:
The active voice of 'is being sung' (present continuous passive) is 'is singing' (present continuous active). So 'She is singing a song' is correct.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich
Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #4185
Question 20
According to Morgan's experiment, which of the following is essential for detecting gene linkage accurately?
  • Large number of progenyโœ”๏ธ
  • Small sample size
  • Use of male flies only
  • Mutation induction
Correct Answer Logic:
Large number of progeny is needed to detect deviations from expected ratios in linkage studies.
Uploaded by: Fani Warraich