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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3042

Question 1

A 'Light-resistant' container protects the drug from:

Air
Moisture
Actinic (UV) light✔️
Temperature

Correct Answer Logic:

Light-resistant (usually amber) containers prevent photodegradation.

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The Constitution of Pakistan QUESTION #9374

Question 2

Article 9A, inserted by the 26th Amendment 2024, grants every person the right to:

Safe drinking water and adequate sanitation
A clean, healthy and sustainable environment✔️
Housing and shelter
Freedom from pollution

Correct Answer Logic:

Article 9A was inserted by the Constitution (Twenty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2024, and provides: 'Every person shall be entitled to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment.' This makes environmental rights a fundamental right enforceable under Article 199.

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Mathematics QUESTION #11224

Question 3

A coin is tossed 4 times. The probability that at least one head occurs is:

$\dfrac{1}{16}$
$\dfrac{4}{16}$
$\dfrac{12}{16}$
$\dfrac{15}{16}$✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

$P(\text{at least one head}) = 1 - P(\text{no heads}) = 1 - \left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4 = 1 - \dfrac{1}{16} = \dfrac{15}{16}$.

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2546

Question 4

The product of inertia $I_{xy}=\int xy\,dA$ is ZERO when:

The area has no curved boundaries
The area is symmetric about EITHER the x- OR y-axis✔️
The second moments $I_x$ and $I_y$ are equal
The area is a polygon

Correct Answer Logic:

The product of inertia is zero whenever the area has an axis of symmetry that coincides with either the x- or y-axis. The symmetric pairs of elemental areas contribute equal and opposite $xy\,dA$ terms that cancel.

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Physics QUESTION #7049

Question 5

An observer travels at half the speed of light towards a $10 \text{ GHz}$ microwave source. What frequency does the observer measure? (Assume $c = 3 \times 10^8 \text{ ms}^{-1}$)

$15.3 \text{ GHz}$
$10.1 \text{ GHz}$
$12.1 \text{ GHz}$
$17.3 \text{ GHz}$✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Using the Relativistic Doppler Effect formula for an approaching source:

$f' = f \sqrt{\frac{1 + v/c}{1 - v/c}}$

Given $v = 0.5c$:

$f' = 10 \sqrt{\frac{1 + 0.5}{1 - 0.5}} = 10 \sqrt{\frac{1.5}{0.5}} = 10 \sqrt{3} \approx 10 \times 1.732 = 17.32 \text{ GHz}$.

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Law QUESTION #9491

Question 6

A's suit against B was dismissed for default when A failed to appear on the date of hearing. A applies for restoration, which is also dismissed. A then files a fresh suit on the same cause of action claiming the earlier dismissal was not on merits. B raises the plea of res judicata. Is the second suit barred?

Yes; dismissal for default operates as res judicata
No; but A must pay the costs of the previous suit
Yes; two dismissals operate as constructive res judicata
No; an order of dismissal for default is expressly excluded from the definition of 'decree' under the CPC and does not operate as res judicata✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 2(2) CPC expressly provides that a decree shall not include 'any order of dismissal for default.' Dismissal for default is not a decision on merits. Therefore, it does not operate as res judicata, and a fresh suit on the same cause of action is maintainable, subject to limitation.

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Mathematics QUESTION #11178

Question 7

$\mathbb{R}$ with co-finite topology is:

$T_0$-space
$T_1$-space
$T_1$-space but not $T_2$-space✔️
$T_2$-space

Correct Answer Logic:

In the co-finite topology on $\mathbb{R}$, every singleton $\{x\}$ is closed (its complement is co-finite = open). This makes it a $T_1$-space (for any two distinct points, each has a neighbourhood not containing the other). However, any two non-empty open sets have non-empty intersection (both are co-finite sets, whose intersection is also co-finite, hence non-empty). So the Hausdorff ($T_2$) separation axiom fails. It is $T_1$ but not $T_2$.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #11520

Question 8

Which generation of computers introduced transistors to replace vacuum tubes?

Fourth
Third
Second✔️
First

Correct Answer Logic:

Second Generation computers (1956–1963) replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, invented at Bell Labs in 1947. Transistors were smaller, faster, cheaper, more reliable, and consumed less power. Examples: IBM 7094, UNIVAC 1107. Third generation used ICs; fourth used microprocessors.

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Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #729

Question 9

One light year is equal to:

9 x 10^12 m
6 x 10^12 m
9.5 x 10^13 m✔️
None

Correct Answer Logic:

One light year is the distance light travels in one year = 9.461 x 10^15 m ≈ 9.5 x 10^15 m. The closest answer is 9.5 x 10^13 m (option C as given in paper).

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Electronics Engineering QUESTION #11744

Question 10

A DMM on resistance range is connected to a powered circuit (even a low-voltage one). The consequence is:

The circuit provides reference current improving measurement accuracy
Possible damage to the DMM's internal reference resistors and false readings✔️
The DMM auto-ranges to the current mode safely
No effect — modern DMMs are protected against up to 1000 V on all ranges

Correct Answer Logic:

A DMM in resistance mode applies its own internal current source (~0.5–1 mA) through the internal reference resistors. Applying external voltage while in resistance mode causes excessive current through the precision resistor network, producing false readings and permanent damage to internal components. Always de-energise and discharge circuits before resistance measurements.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #8214

Question 11

The age of Hazrat Usman (RA) at the time of his martyrdom was:

80✔️
78
76
74

Correct Answer Logic:

Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (RA) was approximately 82 years old (close to 80) when he was martyred on 18 Dhul Hijjah 35 AH (656 CE). He was born in 576 CE in Makkah and was among the earliest converts to Islam. He served as the third Caliph for 12 years (644-656 CE). During his martyrdom, he was reciting the Quran when rebels attacked him, and his blood fell on the verse: 'Allah will suffice you against them.'

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Reading and Writing (Module-1) QUESTION #10484

Question 12

The manager's ------- feedback, delivered with tact, helped the intern ------- without ever feeling discouraged.

harsh . . regress
constructive . . improve✔️
scathing . . falter
dismissive . . stagnate

Correct Answer Logic:

Tactful feedback ('constructive') helps someone 'improve.'

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Maths QUESTION #7664

Question 13

A shirt originally priced at Rs 800 is on sale for 25% off. What is the final price after the discount?

Rs 600✔️
Rs 650
Rs 700
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Discount = $25\% \text{ of } 800 = \frac{25}{100} \times 800 = 200$. Final price = Original price - Discount = $800 - 200 = 600$. Therefore, the shirt costs Rs 600 after the discount.

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Contracts QUESTION #5865

Question 14

A Buyer and Seller enter a contract for 500 laptops. The Seller says, 'I might not be able to deliver next month.' Does the Buyer have any immediate rights?

Yes, the Buyer can sue for breach immediately.
No, the Buyer must wait until the delivery date.
Yes, the Buyer can demand 'Adequate Assurance of Performance'.✔️
No, unless the Seller uses the word 'repudiate'.

Correct Answer Logic:

Under UCC §2-609, when reasonable grounds for insecurity arise, a party may in writing demand adequate assurance of due performance.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3333

Question 15

Which type of microscope is used to see the detailed 'Internal' structures of a cell?

Light Microscope
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)✔️
Magnifying glass

Correct Answer Logic:

TEM passes electrons through thin slices of a specimen for high-resolution internal imaging.

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Psychology QUESTION #11371

Question 16

A behavior is increased after an observer sees another person demonstrating the behavior is called:

Modeling✔️
Cueing
Shaping
Extinction

Correct Answer Logic:

A behavior increased after an observer sees another person demonstrating it is called Modeling.

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English Literature QUESTION #10766

Question 17

The study of which words occur together and their frequency of co-occurrence is called:

Connotation
Collocation✔️
Implication
Location

Correct Answer Logic:

Collocation is the linguistic study of words that habitually co-occur — the tendency of certain words to appear together more frequently than chance would predict. Examples: 'make a mistake' (not 'do a mistake'); 'heavy rain' (not 'strong rain'); 'fast food' (not 'quick food'). Collocations are important in language teaching, lexicography, and corpus linguistics. J. R. Firth coined the term, stating 'a word is known by the company it keeps.'

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General Knowledge QUESTION #9000

Question 18

The 'Statue of Liberty' was a gift to the United States from which country on its independence centennial?

Britain
France✔️
Canada
Japan

Correct Answer Logic:

France gave the Statue of Liberty.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3136

Question 19

The 'Myelin Sheath' serves to:

Protect the neuron from infection
Slow down nerve impulses
Increase the speed of nerve impulse transmission✔️
Produce neurotransmitters

Correct Answer Logic:

Myelin acts as insulation for rapid signal 'jumping' (saltatory conduction).

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Library Sciences QUESTION #1526

Question 20

Which type of encyclopaedia is most suitable for providing a brief, factual overview of a topic for a student beginning research on an unfamiliar subject?

A subject-specific encyclopaedia
A general encyclopaedia✔️
A biographical encyclopaedia
A technical handbook

Correct Answer Logic:

A general encyclopaedia (such as Encyclopaedia Britannica) provides broad, introductory overviews of a wide range of topics, making it most suitable for a student seeking initial background information on an unfamiliar subject before consulting more specialized sources.

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