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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2409

Question 1

The bulk modulus of elasticity $E$ of a fluid is defined as:

$E = dp/(d\rho/\rho)$
$E = dp/(-dv/v)$ — ratio of pressure increase to fractional volume decrease
$E = \rho c^2$ where $c$ is sound speed
Both options B and C are correct expressions for $E$✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Bulk modulus $E=-dp/(dV/V)=\rho c^2$. Both definitions are equivalent. For water: $E\approx2.1$ GPa.

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Education QUESTION #1487

Question 2

Pavlov's Classical Conditioning experiment demonstrated that dogs could be trained to salivate at the sound of a bell. This bell is an example of:

Unconditioned stimulus
Conditioned (neutral) stimulus✔️
Operant response
Primary reinforcer

Correct Answer Logic:

The bell is a neutral/conditioned stimulus. Pavlov paired it with food (unconditioned stimulus) until the dogs salivated at the bell alone, demonstrating Classical Conditioning.

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Physics QUESTION #7309

Question 3

A stone falls freely from rest and the total distance covered in the last second equals the distance covered in the first 3 seconds ($g = 10\text{ m/s}^2$). The time of flight is 5 s. Using the same setup: the distance covered by a particle starting from rest with $a = \dfrac{4}{3}\text{ m/s}^2$ in the third second of motion is:

$\dfrac{10}{3}\text{ m}$✔️
$\dfrac{19}{3}\text{ m}$
$6\text{ m}$
$4\text{ m}$

Correct Answer Logic:

Distance in $n$-th second from rest: $s_n = \dfrac{a}{2}(2n-1)$

For $n = 3$, $a = \dfrac{4}{3}\text{ m/s}^2$:

$s_3 = \dfrac{4/3}{2}(2\times3-1) = \dfrac{2}{3}\times 5 = \mathbf{\dfrac{10}{3}\text{ m}}$

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Chemistry QUESTION #7182

Question 4

A gaseous hydrocarbon yields $0.72 \text{ g}$ of water ($H_{2}O$) and $3.08 \text{ g}$ of carbon dioxide ($CO_{2}$) after complete combustion. What is the empirical formula of this hydrocarbon?

$C_{2}H_{4}$
$C_{3}H_{4}$
$C_{6}H_{5}$
$C_{7}H_{8}$✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

To find the empirical formula, we calculate the moles of $C$ and $H$:

Moles of $C$ from $CO_{2} = 3.08 / 44 = 0.07 \text{ mol}$.
Moles of $H$ from $H_{2}O = 2 \times (0.72 / 18) = 0.08 \text{ mol}$.
Molar ratio $C:H = 0.07 : 0.08 = 7 : 8$.
Empirical Formula = $C_{7}H_{8}$.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3475

Question 5

Which branch of Pharmacognosy deals with the history, commerce, selection, and preservation of crude drugs?

Ethnobotany
General Pharmacognosy✔️
Phytochemistry
Zoology

Correct Answer Logic:

General Pharmacognosy covers the broader aspects of crude drug management and history.

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Mathematics QUESTION #7471

Question 6

If the vectors $\vec{AB} = 3\hat{i} + 4\hat{k}$ and $\vec{AC} = 5\hat{i} - 2\hat{j} + 4\hat{k}$ are the sides of a triangle ABC, then the length of the median through A is:

$\sqrt{18}$
$\sqrt{72}$
$\sqrt{33}$✔️
$\sqrt{45}$

Correct Answer Logic:

The median from A goes to midpoint M of BC. Position vector of B from A is $\vec{AB} = 3\hat{i}+4\hat{k}$, and of C from A is $\vec{AC} = 5\hat{i}-2\hat{j}+4\hat{k}$. Midpoint M has position vector $\frac{\vec{AB}+\vec{AC}}{2} = \frac{(3\hat{i}+4\hat{k})+(5\hat{i}-2\hat{j}+4\hat{k})}{2} = \frac{8\hat{i}-2\hat{j}+8\hat{k}}{2} = 4\hat{i}-\hat{j}+4\hat{k}$. Length of median $AM = |\vec{AM}| = \sqrt{16+1+16} = \sqrt{33}$.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3441

Question 7

'RBCs' (Red Blood Cells) rely exclusively on which pathway for energy?

Beta-oxidation
Glycolysis✔️
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain

Correct Answer Logic:

RBCs lack mitochondria and must use anaerobic glycolysis.

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Urdu QUESTION #5202

Question 8

'نثار میں تیری گلیوں کے اے وطن' یہ شعر کس شاعر کا ہے؟

غالب
اقبال
فیض احمد فیض✔️
احمد فراز

Correct Answer Logic:

یہ مشہور شعر فیض احمد فیض کی نظم 'دعا' سے ہے جو وطن سے گہری محبت کا اظہار کرتا ہے۔

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3394

Question 9

The 'Lock and Key' model explains enzyme specificity based on:

The color of the enzyme
The complementary shapes of the substrate and the active site✔️
The size of the cell
The amount of water present

Correct Answer Logic:

Only a specific substrate fits into the enzyme's active site.

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2392

Question 10

The final value theorem, used to find the steady-state output $x_o(\infty)$ from the Laplace transform $X_o(s)$, states:

$x_o(\infty) = \lim_{s\to\infty} s X_o(s)$
$x_o(\infty) = \lim_{s\to 0} s X_o(s)$✔️
$x_o(\infty) = \lim_{s\to 0} X_o(s)$
$x_o(\infty) = \lim_{s\to\infty} X_o(s)$

Correct Answer Logic:

Final value theorem: $x_o(\infty)=\lim_{t\to\infty}x_o(t)=\lim_{s\to0}sX_o(s)$. Valid when all poles of $sX_o(s)$ are in the left-half s-plane. Used to find steady-state error without inverting the Laplace transform.

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Professional QUESTION #1835

Question 11

Under Section 11(3), the service of a civil servant in temporary employment or appointed ad hoc shall be liable to termination on notice of how many days, or pay in lieu thereof?

Seven days
Ten days
Fourteen days✔️
Thirty days

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 11(3) provides that notwithstanding the provisions of sub-section (1), the service of a civil servant in temporary employment or appointed ad hoc shall be liable to termination on fourteen days' notice or pay in lieu thereof. This is the prescribed notice period and is not subject to deviation.

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Education QUESTION #7609

Question 12

The development of manual skills and physical coordination in learners is focused on which domain?

Cognitive domain
Affective domain
Psychomotor domain✔️
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

The psychomotor domain involves physical movement, coordination, and use of motor skills, including manual dexterity and hands-on abilities.

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Physics QUESTION #7039

Question 13

In SI units, a material's density is $128 \text{ kg m}^{-3}$. Calculate its numerical value in a system where the unit of length is $25 \text{ cm}$ and the unit of mass is $50 \text{ g}$.

$40$✔️
$16$
$640$
$410$

Correct Answer Logic:

Using $n_1 u_1 = n_2 u_2$:

$128 \times [\text{kg} \cdot \text{m}^{-3}] = n_2 \times [(50 \text{ g}) \cdot (25 \text{ cm})^{-3}]$

$n_2 = 128 \times \left( \frac{1000 \text{ g}}{50 \text{ g}} \right) \times \left( \frac{25 \text{ cm}}{100 \text{ cm}} \right)^3$

$n_2 = 128 \times 20 \times \left( \frac{1}{4} \right)^3 = \frac{128 \times 20}{64} = 2 \times 20 = 40$.

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Biology QUESTION #4322

Question 14

Which of the following organisms eliminate nitrogenous waste mainly as uric acid?

Freshwater Fish
Amphibians
Birds✔️
Mammals

Correct Answer Logic:

Birds are uricotelic — they excrete nitrogenous waste as uric acid, which is less toxic and requires minimal water, an adaptation that reduces body weight for flight.

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Information Technology QUESTION #1142

Question 15

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for end-to-end communication and error recovery?

Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer✔️
Session Layer

Correct Answer Logic:

The Transport Layer (Layer 4) ensures reliable data transfer, flow control, and error correction between hosts.

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Paper-II (Pharmacology and Social Behaviour, Law & Ethics and Computer Sciences) QUESTION #5802

Question 16

A drug whose expiry date is not expired but is sold after that date is:

Spurious
Adulterated
Substandard
Prohibited✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Selling a drug after its expiry date is a prohibited act[cite: 7].

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HR and Management QUESTION #6460

Question 17

According to the text, the relationship between environmental and organizational challenges differs from the relationship between organizational and individual challenges in that:

Environmental-organizational is bidirectional; organizational-individual is unidirectional
Environmental-organizational is unidirectional; organizational-individual is bidirectional✔️
Both relationships are bidirectional
Both relationships are unidirectional

Correct Answer Logic:

The environmental-organizational relationship goes only one way (few organizations can impact the environment), while organizational-individual challenges have a two-way relationship (each affects the other reciprocally).

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3537

Question 18

'Ipecac' is used in emergency medicine as an 'Emetic'. This means it:

Stops diarrhea
Induces vomiting✔️
Relieves pain
Cures infection

Correct Answer Logic:

Ipecac syrup was historically used to empty the stomach after poisoning.

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Physics QUESTION #1179

Question 19

Gauss's law is applicable to charges which are:

Closely distributed in space
Sparsely distributed in space
Enclosed by a broken surface
Enclosed by a closed surface✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Gauss's law states that the total electric flux through a closed (Gaussian) surface is proportional to the total charge enclosed: $\oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} = \frac{Q_{\text{enc}}}{\varepsilon_0}$. The surface must be a closed surface — it cannot be a broken or open surface. The distribution of charges (close or sparse) does not affect the applicability of the law.

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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics QUESTION #3847

Question 20

A solution contains $200$ mg of dopamine in $500$ mL normal saline. What is the concentration of the solution in micrograms per mL?

$0.4\ \mu\text{g/mL}$
$2.5\ \mu\text{g/mL}$
$40\ \mu\text{g/mL}$
$400\ \mu\text{g/mL}$✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

$200\ \text{mg} = 200{,}000\ \mu\text{g}$. Concentration $= \dfrac{200{,}000}{500} = 400\ \mu\text{g/mL}$.

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