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When lactose supersaturation occurs in condensed or sweetened condensed milk or ice cream, large \(\alpha\)-lactose monohydrate crystals (\(>30\;\mu\text{m}\)) form causing sandiness or grittiness. Control involves rapid cooling, seeding with fine lactose crystals, or use of lactase.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3260

Question 1586

'Gluconeogenesis' is the process of:

Breaking down glucose
Creating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (like amino acids)✔️
Storing glucose as glycogen
Turning fat into sugar

Correct Answer Logic:

This occurs primarily in the liver during fasting.

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Civil Engineering QUESTION #2128

Question 1587

In hydrology, the rational method for estimating peak runoff from a catchment is expressed as \(Q_p = \dfrac{C \cdot i \cdot A}{360}\) (SI units). The time of concentration \((t_c)\) is used to determine the rainfall intensity \(i\) because:

It represents the time for the entire catchment to contribute to runoff at the outlet simultaneously — using intensity for duration equal to \(t_c\) gives the maximum possible peak discharge for the design return period✔️
It is the time for water to infiltrate through the soil profile to the water table
It is used to calculate the recession limb of the unit hydrograph
It represents the lag time between the centroid of rainfall excess and the peak of the hydrograph

Correct Answer Logic:

In the rational method, \(t_c\) = time of concentration = time for water from the most remote point to reach the outlet. When storm duration = \(t_c\), the entire catchment contributes simultaneously, producing maximum peak flow. Using \(i\) corresponding to duration \(= t_c\) and the specified return period gives the design peak discharge. Storms shorter than \(t_c\) cannot fully contribute; longer storms have lower intensity.

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Civil Engineering QUESTION #6590

Question 1588

A continuous beam covering two spans is to be analysed using the stiffness matrix method, with two nodes assigned per element. The order of the resulting structural stiffness matrix will be:

2×2
4×4
6×6✔️
12×12

Correct Answer Logic:

With 2 spans (2 elements) and 2 nodes per element, there are 3 unique nodes. Each beam node has 2 DOFs (vertical displacement and rotation), giving \(3 \times 2 = 6\) DOFs. Structural stiffness matrix order \(= 6 \times 6\).

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The Elections Act 2017 QUESTION #9418

Question 1589

Section 22 grants the Commission power to amend the final list of constituencies on its own motion, subject to an important time restriction. Amendments may only be made at least how long before notification of the Election Programme?

Six months
Two months
One month
Four months✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 22(1) states the Commission may amend the final list 'at any time but at least four months before notification of the Election Programme'.

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English QUESTION #8510

Question 1590

The girls learned to cook _______ her mother.

by
from✔️
with
through

Correct Answer Logic:

'Learned from' her mother.

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #6166

Question 1591

Why is the 'Constant Rupee Approach' used in Financial Statement Analysis?

To calculate the precise tax liability
To adjust for the effects of inflation when comparing balance sheets over time✔️
To ensure the Double Entry Principle is maintained
To convert Market Value to Book Value

Correct Answer Logic:

Lesson 03 explains that this approach compares balance sheets at different times by making inflationary adjustments to account for the limitations of historical cost.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #4723

Question 1592

H5N1 is classified as which of the following?

A medicine
A vaccine
A virus✔️
A bacterium

Correct Answer Logic:

H5N1 is a subtype of the influenza A virus that causes highly pathogenic avian influenza. It gained global attention in 2005–2006 as a potential pandemic threat.

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Contracts QUESTION #5860

Question 1593

A Seller breaches a contract to sell a unique, one-of-a-kind antique vase. What is the Buyer’s most likely remedy?

Cover.
Specific Performance.✔️
Market price damages.
Punitive damages.

Correct Answer Logic:

Under UCC §2-716, specific performance may be decreed where the goods are unique or in other proper circumstances.

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Physics QUESTION #7844

Question 1594

Transformer works on principle of:

Coulomb's law
Electromagnetic induction✔️
Gas's law
Hess's law

Correct Answer Logic:

Mutual induction (Faraday's law).

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Education QUESTION #1477

Question 1595

Which Islamic philosopher wrote 'Kulliyah fit-tibb', a 16-volume work on general medicine?

Al-Ghazali
Ibn Khaldun
Al-Farabi
Ibnu Rushd✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Ibnu Rushd (520–595 Hijrah) wrote 'Kulliyah fit-tibb', a major work of 16 volumes in general medicine, in addition to his contributions to philosophy and Islamic legislation.

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #6180

Question 1596

Which component of the interest rate compensates for the risk that a company might go bankrupt?

Maturity Risk Premium (MR)
Liquidity Preference (LP)
Default Risk Premium (DR)✔️
Inflation (g)

Correct Answer Logic:

Lesson 04 defines DR as the premium charged against the risk that a company might collapse or default on payments.

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Mathematics QUESTION #4098

Question 1597

For \(f(Z)=\dfrac{1}{Z}\), writing \(Z=re^{i\theta}\) gives \(f(Z)=\dfrac{e^{-i\theta}}{r}=\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r}-i\dfrac{\sin\theta}{r}\). So \(u=\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r}\). Verifying the polar C-R equation \(\dfrac{\partial u}{\partial r}=\dfrac{1}{r}\dfrac{\partial v}{\partial\theta}\) where \(v=-\dfrac{\sin\theta}{r}\): the left side equals:

\(-\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r}\)
\(\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r^2}\)
\(-\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r^2}\)✔️
\(\dfrac{\sin\theta}{r^2}\)

Correct Answer Logic:

\(\dfrac{\partial u}{\partial r}=\dfrac{\partial}{\partial r}\left(\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r}\right)=-\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r^2}\). Right side: \(\dfrac{1}{r}\dfrac{\partial}{\partial\theta}\left(-\dfrac{\sin\theta}{r}\right)=\dfrac{1}{r}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r}\right)=-\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r^2}\). ✓ Both sides equal \(-\dfrac{\cos\theta}{r^2}\).

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