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The nitro group ($-\text{NO}_2$) is a strong electron-withdrawing, meta-directing group in electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS). It deactivates the ring and directs incoming electrophiles to the meta position. Therefore, when nitrobenzene undergoes chlorination with $\text{Cl}_2/\text{AlCl}_3$, the major product is meta-chloronitrobenzene (1-chloro-3-nitrobenzene).

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Security Measures to Maintain Law and Order QUESTION #7673

Question 904

A fixed territory in which authority can be exercised is:

Juristic
Jurisdiction✔️
Jurisprudence
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

'Jurisdiction' refers to the official power or authority to make legal decisions and judgments within a specific geographic territory or over certain types of cases. It defines the scope and limits of legal authority in a fixed territorial area.

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Mathematics QUESTION #4131

Question 905

If $\varphi: \mathbb{Z}_{12} \to \mathbb{Z}_{18}$ is a group homomorphism, how many exist?

$6$
$4$
$12$
$\gcd(12, 18) = 6$✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Number of homomorphisms from $\mathbb{Z}_m$ to $\mathbb{Z}_n$ equals $\gcd(m, n) = \gcd(12, 18) = 6$.

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Federal Rules of Evidence (US) QUESTION #3789

Question 906

In a trial for bank fraud, the prosecution offers a summary chart of 5,000 separate wire transfers. The defense objects that the actual wire transfer records were not introduced. How should the court rule?

Sustain, because the actual records are the 'Best Evidence' under Rule 1002.
Overrule, under Rule 1006 (Summaries to Prove Content), provided the underlying records are voluminous and were made available to the defense for inspection.✔️
Sustain, unless the chart was prepared by a certified public accountant.
Overrule, because charts are always admissible as 'demonstrative evidence.'

Correct Answer Logic:

Rule 1006 allows a party to use a summary, chart, or calculation to prove the content of voluminous writings that cannot be conveniently examined in court, provided the originals are available for inspection.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3417

Question 907

'Galactosemia' is an inherited disorder involving the inability to metabolize:

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose✔️
Sucrose

Correct Answer Logic:

It can cause liver damage and cataracts if not managed with a galactose-free diet.

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English QUESTION #7549

Question 908

Choose the most appropriate meaning of the idiomatic phrase "To run the gamut"

To repeat a mistake.
To conceal important facts.
To end a discussion abruptly.
To cover a wide range of things.✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

To run the gamut means to experience or cover the entire range or scale of something.

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Paper-II (Pharmacology and Social Behaviour, Law & Ethics and Computer Sciences) QUESTION #5771

Question 909

Schizophrenia is associated with overactivity of which pathway?

Cholinergic
GABAergic
Dopamine (mesolimbic/mesocortical)✔️
Adrenergic

Correct Answer Logic:

Schizophrenia is linked to excess dopamine activity in specific brain pathways.

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Security Measures to Maintain Law and Order QUESTION #862

Question 910

Under Section 8, being "Always on Duty" means an officer must maintain professional conduct:

Only in uniform
At all times, even off-site✔️
Only during their shift
Only at the airport

Correct Answer Logic:

Being "always on duty" implies that an officer's conduct must reflect the Force's values 24/7, as they are subject to service law at all times.

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Agronomy QUESTION #2103

Question 911

The process of vernalization in cereal crops (wheat, barley) refers to:

The application of external nitrogen fertilizer to promote vegetative growth in spring
The acquisition of competence to flower by exposure to a prolonged period of cold temperature (1–10°C for 4–8 weeks), which epigenetically silences floral repressor genes (VRN2) and activates floral promoters (VRN1) — ensuring reproductive development occurs in spring rather than autumn✔️
Hardening of seedlings by gradual exposure to low temperatures to improve frost tolerance
The process of selecting winter-hardy genotypes for spring planting

Correct Answer Logic:

Vernalization is a cold-temperature requirement for flowering in winter annual crops. Epigenetically, cold induces chromatin remodeling (H3K27me3 modifications) that permanently silences FLC (in Arabidopsis) or VRN2 (in cereals), derepressing floral integrator genes. Without vernalization, winter wheat planted in spring remains vegetative. The VRN1, VRN2, VRN3 gene system controls vernalization response and is a major target in breeding for climate adaptation.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #7698

Question 912

Punishment of false accusation of Zina is mentioned in which surah of Holy Quran?

Al-Qamar
Al-Najam
Al-Nisa
None of these✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

The punishment for false accusation of adultery (Qadhf) is mentioned in Surah Al-Nur (Chapter 24), not in the options provided. The punishment is 80 lashes for those who falsely accuse chaste women without bringing four witnesses.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3186

Question 913

During 'Depolarization' of an action potential, which ion rushes into the cell?

$K^+$
$Na^+$✔️
$Ca^{2+}$
$Cl^-$

Correct Answer Logic:

Opening of voltage-gated sodium channels allows $Na^+$ to enter, making the membrane potential more positive.

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Chemistry QUESTION #7397

Question 914

Which one of the following orders is NOT in accordance with the stated property?

$\text{F}_2 > \text{Cl}_2 > \text{Br}_2 > \text{I}_2$: bond dissociation energy✔️
$\text{F}_2 > \text{Cl}_2 > \text{Br}_2 > \text{I}_2$: oxidising power
$\text{HI} > \text{HBr} > \text{HCl} > \text{HF}$: acidic property in water
$\text{F} > \text{Cl} > \text{Br} > \text{I}$: electronegativity

Correct Answer Logic:

Bond dissociation energies of halogens:
$\text{Cl}_2 > \text{Br}_2 > \text{F}_2 > \text{I}_2$

F₂ has an anomalously low bond energy (158 kJ/mol) due to lone pair repulsion in the small F atom, making $\text{Cl}_2$ stronger. So the order $\text{F}_2 > \text{Cl}_2$ for bond dissociation energy is incorrect.

All other options are correct: oxidising power, acid strength of HX in water, and electronegativity all follow the stated orders.

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Chemistry QUESTION #7405

Question 915

The correct decreasing order of ionic radii among the following isoelectronic species is:

$\text{K}^+ > \text{Ca}^{2+} > \text{Cl}^- > \text{S}^{2-}$
$\text{Ca}^{2+} > \text{K}^+ > \text{S}^{2-} > \text{Cl}^-$
$\text{Cl}^- > \text{S}^{2-} > \text{Ca}^{2+} > \text{K}^+$
$\text{S}^{2-} > \text{Cl}^- > \text{K}^+ > \text{Ca}^{2+}$✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

All are isoelectronic (18 electrons). Decreasing size = increasing nuclear charge:

$\text{S}^{2-}$: Z=16 → largest
$\text{Cl}^-$: Z=17
$\text{K}^+$: Z=19
$\text{Ca}^{2+}$: Z=20 → smallest

Decreasing order: $\text{S}^{2-} > \text{Cl}^- > \text{K}^+ > \text{Ca}^{2+}$

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Accounting Finance and Punjab Sales Tax on Services QUESTION #2570

Question 916

Under section 16B(1)(s), goods used in or permanently attached to immoveable property such as building and construction material, paints, electrical and sanitary fittings etc. are NOT eligible for input tax credit UNLESS they are directly used in the economic activity of registered persons paying sales tax at a rate of not less than:

Twelve percent
Fourteen percent
Fifteen percent
Sixteen percent✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 16B(1)(s) provides an exception for goods permanently attached to immoveable property — they qualify for input tax if directly used in economic activity of registered persons paying sales tax at a rate of not less than SIXTEEN PERCENT.

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Chemistry QUESTION #468

Question 917

Which of the following is pale yellow to reddish yellow in color?

Pb?O
PbO?
PbO✔️
2PbCO?.Pb(OH)?

Correct Answer Logic:

PbO (litharge) is pale yellow to reddish yellow

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #8248

Question 918

Which Prophet is titled as "Abul Bashar"?

Hazrat Yaqub (A.S.)
Hazrat Adam (A.S.)✔️
Hazrat Yousaf (A.S.)
Hazrat Younas (A.S.)

Correct Answer Logic:

Hazrat Adam (AS) is called 'Abul Bashar' (Father of Mankind). He was the first human being and the first Prophet created by Allah directly from clay. All human beings are descendants of Adam (AS) and his wife Hawwa (Eve). The Quran mentions his creation, his residence in Paradise, his mistake, repentance, and eventual role as the first prophet and father of all humanity on Earth.

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