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Paper-II (Pharmacology and Social Behaviour, Law & Ethics and Computer Sciences) QUESTION #5755

Question 841

Physostigmine is preferred over other cholinergic agonists in certain CNS toxicities because:

It is a quaternary ammonium compound
It is an irreversible inhibitor
It is a tertiary amine that crosses the blood-brain barrier✔️
It has no muscarinic activity

Correct Answer Logic:

Physostigmine is a tertiary amine, allowing it to cross the blood-brain barrier.

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Planning QUESTION #5008

Question 842

In water supply planning, what is the recommended per capita water demand for residential areas in developing countries?

50-80 liters/day
100-150 liters/day✔️
200-250 liters/day
300-350 liters/day

Correct Answer Logic:

WHO and planning standards recommend 100-150 liters per capita per day (lpcd) for developing countries, covering drinking, cooking, bathing, and sanitation. Developed countries typically use 200-350 lpcd due to lifestyle differences and water-intensive appliances.

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Agronomy QUESTION #2036

Question 843

Physiological maturity in cereal crops is best identified by:

The date 30 days after heading
Formation of the black layer at the base of the grain (in maize) or when grain moisture reaches 30–35% and maximum dry weight is achieved✔️
When the entire crop canopy turns golden yellow
When combine harvester settings indicate optimum grain moisture

Correct Answer Logic:

Physiological maturity marks the cessation of dry matter accumulation in the grain. In maize it is identified by the black layer (abscission layer) at the kernel base. In wheat/rice, grain moisture of 30–35% at maximum dry weight is the indicator — harvesting before this causes yield loss; after causes field losses.

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #611

Question 844

Who was Dr. Fazal Ur Rehman?

A religious political leader
A religious scholar✔️
A political scientist
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Dr. Fazal ur Rehman was a prominent Pakistani Islamic scholar and academic .

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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics QUESTION #3830

Question 845

To achieve a chlorine concentration of $1.5$ ppm in a $6000$ L drenching facility, how much chlorinated lime ($30\%\ \text{w/w}$ available chlorine) is needed?

$3$ g
$27$ g
$30$ g✔️
$270$ g

Correct Answer Logic:

$1.5\ \text{ppm} = 1.5\ \text{mg/L}$. For $6000$ L: $1.5 \times 6000 = 9000\ \text{mg} = 9\ \text{g}$ chlorine. Since lime is $30\%\ \text{w/w}$: $\dfrac{9}{0.30} = 30\ \text{g}$.

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Reading and Writing (Module-1) QUESTION #5330

Question 846

In Wilde's novel, what does Lord Henry suggest is the result of resisting temptation?

The soul becomes sick with longing.✔️
One achieves spiritual enlightenment.
Temptation eventually disappears.
One becomes more disciplined.

Correct Answer Logic:

Lord Henry claims that resisting causes the soul to grow 'sick with longing.'

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General Knowledge QUESTION #4646

Question 847

Seven lamps: ceramic or wood base; red, brown, or yellow. More ceramic than wood. Red lamps are ceramic. No wood base is brown. Which sentence is NOT true?

Five lamps have a ceramic base✔️
Five lamps have brown shades
Five lamps have red shades
Four lamps have green shades

Correct Answer Logic:

3

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #6162

Question 848

Which financial indicator is considered a 'cumulative' measure of management's success in adding value since the firm's inception?

Economic Value Added (EVA)
Net Income
Market Value Added (MVA)✔️
Return on Equity (ROE)

Correct Answer Logic:

According to Lesson 03, MVA is a cumulative measure of wealth added to equity capital since inception, whereas EVA is for a specific year.

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Physics QUESTION #7002

Question 849

The energy to take a satellite to height $h$ above Earth (radius $R_E = 6.4 \times 10^3\ \text{km}$) is $E_1$, and the kinetic energy to maintain circular orbit at that height is $E_2$. For what value of $h$ is $E_1 = E_2$?

$1.6 \times 10^3\ \text{km}$
$3.2 \times 10^3\ \text{km}$✔️
$6.4 \times 10^3\ \text{km}$
$1.28 \times 10^4\ \text{km}$

Correct Answer Logic:

$E_1 = \frac{GMm}{R_E} - \frac{GMm}{R_E+h} = GMm\frac{h}{R_E(R_E+h)}$

$E_2 = \frac{GMm}{2(R_E+h)}$ (orbital KE)

Setting $E_1 = E_2$:

$\frac{h}{R_E(R_E+h)} = \frac{1}{2(R_E+h)}$

$\frac{h}{R_E} = \frac{1}{2}$

$h = \frac{R_E}{2} = \frac{6.4 \times 10^3}{2} = 3.2 \times 10^3\ \text{km}$

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Agronomy QUESTION #2050

Question 850

Mode of action classification of herbicides is agronomically important because:

It determines the cost of herbicide application per unit area
Rotating herbicides with different modes of action is the primary strategy for delaying the evolution of herbicide-resistant weed populations✔️
It determines the withholding period before crop harvest
It identifies which herbicides can be mixed with fertilizers

Correct Answer Logic:

Herbicide resistance evolves when the same mode of action (MOA) is repeatedly used, selecting for resistant biotypes. Rotating herbicides across different MOA groups (HRAC/WSSA classification) prevents any single resistant genotype from dominating the weed population — the cornerstone of resistance management in modern weed science.

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Physics QUESTION #7072

Question 851

Two radioactive isotopes, $A$ and $B$, have half-lives of $20$ minutes and $40$ minutes, respectively. If both samples start with an identical number of nuclei, determine the ratio of the number of decayed nuclei of $A$ to those of $B$ after a period of $80$ minutes.

$4:1$
$1:4$
$5:4$✔️
$1:16$

Correct Answer Logic:

After $80$ minutes, $A$ undergoes $4$ half-lives ($80/20$), leaving $N_A = N_0/2^4 = N_0/16$. The number of decayed nuclei for $A$ is $N_0 - N_0/16 = 15N_0/16$. $B$ undergoes $2$ half-lives ($80/40$), leaving $N_B = N_0/2^2 = N_0/4$. The number of decayed nuclei for $B$ is $N_0 - N_0/4 = 3N_0/4 = 12N_0/16$. The ratio of decayed nuclei is $15:12$, which simplifies to $5:4$.

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Administration QUESTION #2917

Question 852

What is a primary characteristic of "New Public Management" (NPM)?

Emphasis on rules
Performance-based results✔️
Rigid hierarchy
Lifetime employment

Correct Answer Logic:

NPM shifts the focus from traditional process-oriented administration to result-oriented management and accountability.

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Administration QUESTION #9610

Question 853

A company collects customer data through its loyalty programme and uses predictive analytics to identify customers likely to churn within 90 days. It then offers targeted retention incentives only to those customers. This strategy combines which two management disciplines, and what ethical boundary must the company navigate?

Operations management and financial management — the ethical boundary is fair pricing across customer segments
Marketing management (CRM and retention strategy) and Management Information Systems (predictive analytics on customer data) — the ethical boundary is data privacy and informed consent; customers must have agreed to this use of their personal data under applicable data protection regulations, otherwise the predictive targeting violates privacy rights✔️
Strategic management and human resource management — the ethical boundary is employee data security during the analytics process
Supply chain management and marketing — the ethical boundary is that predictive models may discriminate against certain demographic groups in the incentive allocation

Correct Answer Logic:

Predictive churn modelling integrates MIS (data infrastructure, machine learning algorithms applied to loyalty data) with CRM/marketing strategy (targeted retention interventions). The critical ethical dimension is data privacy: the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and Pakistan's Personal Data Protection Bill require that customers provide informed consent for their data to be used for profiling and automated decision-making. Using loyalty data for predictive targeting without explicit consent is a regulatory violation regardless of its commercial effectiveness.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #8253

Question 854

Which tribe of Quraish, Hazrat Umar, belonged to?

Banu Hasham
Banu Umayyah
Banu Addi✔️
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) belonged to the Banu Adiyy clan of the Quraish tribe. He was born around 584 CE in Makkah. Initially, he was a fierce opponent of Islam but converted in 616 CE (6th year of prophethood). His conversion strengthened Islam so much that Muslims began praying openly at the Kaaba. He became the second Caliph and ruled from 634-644 CE, expanding the Islamic empire significantly.

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General Abilities QUESTION #2888

Question 855

The sum of two numbers is 25 and their difference is 7. Find the larger number.

14
16✔️
18
20

Correct Answer Logic:

Let numbers be $x, y$. $x+y=25$ and $x-y=7$. Adding gives $2x=32 \implies x=16$.

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Physics QUESTION #4393

Question 856

If a plastic sheet of relative permittivity $\varepsilon_r = 2.5$ is inserted between two point charges placed in vacuum, then the electrostatic force between them:

Increases by a factor of 2.5
Decreases by a factor of 2.5✔️
Increases by a factor of 5
Decreases by a factor of 5

Correct Answer Logic:

Coulomb's law in a medium: $F = \dfrac{kq_1q_2}{\varepsilon_r r^2}$. Inserting a dielectric with $\varepsilon_r = 2.5$ reduces the force by the factor $\varepsilon_r$. So the force decreases by a factor of $2.5$.

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Disaster Management QUESTION #6549

Question 857

In the context of DRR financing, what makes performance-based allocation more effective than traditional budget distribution?

It provides more money
It links funding to demonstrated outcomes, encouraging accountability and effective implementation✔️
It's simpler to administer
It reduces corruption automatically

Correct Answer Logic:

Sections 9.1 and 9.4 propose performance-based mechanisms that incentivize effective DRR implementation. Linking allocations to measurable outcomes (risk reduction, preparedness levels) encourages accountability, innovation, and efficient resource use compared to automatic entitlements.

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General Ability and Fire Fighting QUESTION #5624

Question 858

Removing one side of the Fire Tetrahedron will:

Increase the intensity of the fire
Have no effect on combustion
Extinguish or suppress the fire✔️
Only slow the fire temporarily

Correct Answer Logic:

If any one of the four elements (Fuel

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Nursing QUESTION #9309

Question 859

In wound care, the term debridement refers to:

Application of antibiotic ointment to a wound
Removal of devitalized, necrotic tissue from a wound to promote healing✔️
Covering a wound with an occlusive dressing
Irrigating a wound with normal saline

Correct Answer Logic:

Debridement is the removal of necrotic, devitalized, and contaminated tissue from a wound. It is essential for healing because:

Necrotic tissue acts as a bacterial culture medium
Devitalized tissue prevents granulation tissue formation
Dead tissue impairs leukocyte migration (immune function)

Types of debridement:

Type	Method
Surgical/Sharp	Scalpel, scissors — fastest method
Mechanical	Wet-to-dry dressings, wound irrigation, hydrosurgery
Autolytic	Occlusive dressings activate body's own enzymes — slowest, most selective
Enzymatic	Collagenase ointment applied topically
Biological	Maggot therapy (Larval Debridement Therapy)

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2527

Question 860

The principle of angular impulse and momentum about a fixed point O states:

Angular momentum equals linear momentum times radius
$\mathbf{H}_{O2} - \mathbf{H}_{O1} = \int_{t_1}^{t_2}\sum\mathbf{M}_O\,dt$✔️
Torque equals moment of inertia
Angular momentum is always conserved

Correct Answer Logic:

The angular impulse-momentum principle: $\mathbf{H}_{O2}=\mathbf{H}_{O1}+\int_{t_1}^{t_2}\sum\mathbf{M}_O\,dt$, where $\mathbf{H}_O=\mathbf{r}\times m\mathbf{v}$ is angular momentum.

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