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Which of the following statements about marginal costing are correct?
- It assists in resource optimization when a limiting factor is present.
- It ensures decisions are based on the full absorption cost.
- It includes the apportionment of service department costs.
- It typically results in a lower inventory valuation compared to absorption costing.
Marginal costing focuses on variable costs (contribution), making it ideal for limiting factor analysis (1). Because it excludes fixed overheads from inventory, valuation is lower than absorption (4). Statements 2 and 3 refer to absorption costing.
Magnetic susceptibility: $\chi = \frac{M}{H}$, where $M$ is magnetisation (magnetic moment per unit volume).
Volume of cube: $V = (1\times10^{-2})^3 = 10^{-6}\ \text{m}^3$
Magnetisation: $M = \frac{\text{dipole moment}}{V} = \frac{20\times10^{-6}}{10^{-6}} = 20\ \text{A/m}$
$\chi = \frac{M}{H} = \frac{20}{60\times10^3} = 3.33\times10^{-4}$
$\chi \approx 3.3 \times 10^{-4}$
Constant force 10 N moves object 5 m in direction of force. Work done:
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