Reading Mode - Questions

Journalism / Mass Communication QUESTION #6406

According to the textbook's discussion of media management, what is the primary function of the circulation department within a newspaper's business section?

To manage journalist assignments and news gathering
To increase the publication's readership, which both generates revenue through subscriptions and enhances the newspaper's market standing and editorial influence✔️
To oversee the printing and distribution of physical newspapers to vendors
To negotiate advertising rates with corporate clients

Correct Answer Logic:

The textbook distinguishes between different departments within a newspaper's business section:

Advertising Department: Generates revenue by selling classified and display advertising space; fixes rates for different types and positions of ads
Circulation Department: Its primary goal is to increase the publication's circulation (readership). Higher circulation: (a) directly generates subscription revenue, and (b) allows the newspaper to charge higher advertising rates (more readers = more valuable advertising space) and (c) gives the newspaper greater prestige and editorial influence. The textbook notes: “It is always a pride for a publication to note its high circulation.”
Accounts Department: Manages salaries, purchases, transport, and audit reports

Note that the physical printing and delivery of newspapers is handled by the Technical/Press Department, not the circulation department.

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Dairy Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5962

Question 6142

The 'Free Fatty Acid' (FFA) content in milk is used as an indicator of:

Somatic cell count
Lipolytic rancidity — elevated FFAs ($>1.0\;\text{mEq}/100\;\text{g}$ fat) indicate excessive lipase activity from native LPL, psychrotrophic bacteria, or mechanical agitation damage to fat globule membranes✔️
Maillard browning potential
Pasteurization temperature used

Correct Answer Logic:

Short-chain FFAs (butyric C4:0, caproic C6:0, caprylic C8:0) are responsible for lipolytic rancidity (rancid, soapy flavor). Elevated FFA in raw milk ($>1.0\;\text{mEq}/100\;\text{g}$ fat) indicates excessive lipolysis. Mechanical agitation during milking/transport can damage fat globule membranes, exposing fat to LPL.

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Planning QUESTION #4914

Question 6143

What is the primary objective of City and Regional Planning according to the curriculum vision?

To maximize urban density
To enhance quality of life through sustainable development✔️
To promote industrial development
To increase property values

Correct Answer Logic:

The vision of the BS program emphasizes enhancing quality of life and environment through participatory, equitable and inclusive sustainable development, making it the core objective.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3535

Question 6144

Which family does 'Opium' (Afeem) belong to?

Papaveraceae✔️
Solanaceae
Rubiaceae
Liliaceae

Correct Answer Logic:

Papaver somniferum is the Opium poppy.

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Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #4309

Question 6145

Which property of water helps in moderating Earth's climate and maintaining stable temperature in aquatic environments?

Low viscosity
High specific heat capacity✔️
High surface tension
High polarity

Correct Answer Logic:

Water has a high specific heat capacity, meaning it can absorb or release large amounts of heat with minimal temperature change, moderating climate and stabilizing aquatic temperatures.

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Therapeutics and Patient Care QUESTION #3877

Question 6146

How is docusate sodium classified as a laxative based on its mechanism of action?

Stimulant
Bulk-forming
Softener✔️
Osmotic

Correct Answer Logic:

Docusate sodium is a stool softener/emollient laxative that acts as a surfactant, allowing water and fats to penetrate the faecal mass.

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Library Sciences QUESTION #1549

Question 6147

In library change management, Kotter's 8-step model begins with which critical first step?

Forming a powerful guiding coalition
Creating a vision for change
Creating a sense of urgency✔️
Communicating the change vision

Correct Answer Logic:

Kotter's 8-step change model begins with 'Establishing a Sense of Urgency' — convincing stakeholders that change is necessary and cannot be delayed. Without this urgency, resistance to change typically prevails. This is particularly relevant in libraries undergoing digital transformation or restructuring.

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Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #789

Question 6148

Which is universal solvent?

Water✔️
HCl
Ether
None

Correct Answer Logic:

Water is called the universal solvent because it can dissolve more substances than any other liquid due to its polar nature and ability to form hydrogen bonds.

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General Abilities QUESTION #2867

Question 6149

Which of the following is a prime number?

21
27
31✔️
33

Correct Answer Logic:

A prime number is only divisible by $1$ and itself. $31$ has no other factors.

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General Abilities QUESTION #4559

Question 6150

Compare $1.83$ and $1.823$:

$1.83 > 1.823$✔️
$1.83 < 1.823$
$1.83 = 1.823$
Cannot compare

Correct Answer Logic:

Write as $1.830$ and $1.823$. Since $1830 > 1823$, we have $1.83 > 1.823$

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #9041

Question 6151

Besides Quaid-i-Azam, another leader of the Pakistan Movement was born on December 25th. Who was he?

Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar
Chaudhri Rehmat Ali
Chaudhri Khaliq-uz-Zaman✔️
Maulvi Fazal-ul-Haq

Correct Answer Logic:

Chaudhri Khaliq-uz-Zaman was also born on Dec 25.

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CISA QUESTION #6848

Question 6152

An organization's IT steering committee includes the CIO, IT directors, and IT managers, but no business unit representatives or executives. What is the PRIMARY governance weakness?

Limited technical expertise
Lack of business perspective and strategic alignment in IT decision-making✔️
Insufficient meeting frequency
Small committee size

Correct Answer Logic:

IT steering committees must include business representatives to ensure IT decisions align with business needs and strategy. A committee composed only of IT personnel lacks business perspective and becomes an IT management meeting rather than a governance body. True governance requires business stakeholder involvement in IT direction.

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Chemistry QUESTION #5562

Question 6153

Which of the following is an anionic detergent?

Sodium lauryl sulphate✔️
Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide
Glyceryl oleate
Sodium stearate

Correct Answer Logic:

Anionic detergents have a negatively charged hydrophilic head. Sodium lauryl sulphate ($CH_3(CH_2)_{11}OSO_3^- Na^+$) has an anionic sulphate group → anionic detergent. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide has a cationic nitrogen → cationic detergent. Glyceryl oleate is a nonionic detergent. Sodium stearate ($C_{17}H_{35}COO^-Na^+$) is a soap, not a synthetic detergent.

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Accounting Finance and Punjab Sales Tax on Services QUESTION #2571

Question 6154

Under section 52(2)(b), a notice for recovery of a refund that was not due (obtained through fraud, forgery, false documents etc.) must be served within:

Three years from the date of receipt of refund
Five years from the end of the financial year in which the refund was received✔️
Eight years of the relevant tax period
Ten years from the date of erroneous refund

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 52(2)(b) as amended by Punjab Finance Act, 2022 provides that the show-cause notice for recovery of wrongly obtained refund must be issued within FIVE YEARS FROM THE END OF THE FINANCIAL YEAR IN WHICH THE REFUND WAS RECEIVED.

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Ability / HR / Governance / Special Education QUESTION #1908

Question 6155

Under Rule 2(1)(vi) a Division is defined as what kind of unit?

A unit within a Ministry responsible for a specific sector
A self-contained administrative unit responsible for the conduct of business of the Federal Government in a distinct and specified sphere declared as such by the Federal Government✔️
A subordinate office under a Ministry performing routine functions
A section dealing with inter-Division coordination

Correct Answer Logic:

Rule 2(1)(vi) defines Division as a self-contained administrative unit responsible for the conduct of business of the Federal Government in a distinct and specified sphere and declared as such by the Federal Government.

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Chemistry QUESTION #7134

Question 6156

An ideal gas undergoes an isothermal expansion from $1\text{ dm}^3$ to $10\text{ dm}^3$ at $300\text{ K}$ against a constant external pressure of $1\text{ bar}$. Determine the change in entropy of the surroundings ($\Delta S_{surr}$) in $\text{J K}^{-1}$.

$3.0$
$-3.0$✔️
$2.5$
$-2.5$

Correct Answer Logic:

In an irreversible expansion against constant external pressure, the work done by the gas is $w = -P_{ext}\Delta V = -1 \text{ bar} \times (10 - 1) \text{ dm}^3 = -900\text{ J}$. For an isothermal process of an ideal gas, $\Delta U = 0$, so $q_{sys} = -w = 900\text{ J}$. The heat gained by the surroundings is $q_{surr} = -q_{sys} = -900\text{ J}$. Thus, $\Delta S_{surr} = \frac{q_{surr}}{T} = \frac{-900}{300} = -3.0\text{ J K}^{-1}$.

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Civil Engineering QUESTION #6576

Question 6157

A direct stress always produces a corresponding strain in its own direction and an opposite strain in directions perpendicular to it. This perpendicular strain is specifically termed:

Linear strain
Lateral strain✔️
Volumetric strain
Shear strain

Correct Answer Logic:

Lateral strain (also called transverse strain) is the strain induced in directions perpendicular to the applied stress. It is related to the direct (linear) strain by Poisson's ratio: $\varepsilon_{lateral} = -\nu\,\varepsilon_{axial}$.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #7718

Question 6158

The Abbasid Governor _____ came to Sindh in 140 AH / 757 AD.

Hisham✔️
Walid
Musa
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Hisham ibn Amr al-Taghlibi was appointed as the Abbasid governor of Sindh around 140 AH (757 AD). The Abbasid period saw administrative changes in Sindh following the earlier Umayyad conquest of the region.

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Nursing QUESTION #9129

Question 6159

A woman is in the second stage of labor for 2.5 hours (nullipara, epidural in situ). CTG shows late decelerations with reduced variability. Fetal scalp pH is 7.19. The MOST appropriate action is:

Continue monitoring for another 30 minutes
Perform operative vaginal delivery (vacuum or forceps) immediately✔️
Administer O₂ by mask and change maternal position only
Perform immediate cesarean section

Correct Answer Logic:

This scenario describes Fetal Distress in the Second Stage of labor:

Late decelerations = uteroplacental insufficiency (ominous)
Reduced variability = compromised fetal CNS oxygenation
Fetal scalp pH 7.19 = Pre-acidosis/borderline acidosis (Normal: $\geq 7.25$; Borderline: $7.20{-}7.24$; Acidosis: $<7.20$)

Since the patient is in the second stage with a deliverable presenting part, and no absolute contraindications:

Operative vaginal delivery (forceps/vacuum) is faster and safer than CS in second stage.
CS is reserved if operative delivery is not feasible (high station, asynclitism).
A pH of 7.19 demands immediate action — not continued observation.

Conditions for operative delivery: fully dilated cervix, engaged head, known position, no CPD, consent obtained, skilled operator.

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Physics QUESTION #1159

Question 6160

The viscous force __________ the relative motion between the adjacent layers of a fluid in motion.

Opposes✔️
Never affects
Facilitates
May affect under certain conditions

Correct Answer Logic:

Viscosity is the property of a fluid by which it resists relative motion between its adjacent layers. The viscous force always opposes the relative motion (sliding) between layers, similar to friction in solids. This is described by Newton's law of viscosity: $F = \eta A \frac{dv}{dy}$.

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