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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3317

Question 6061

'Drug Resistance' in bacteria is often spread through the exchange of:

Mitochondria
Plasmids (Extrachromosomal DNA)✔️
Ribosomes
Capsules

Correct Answer Logic:

Plasmids often carry 'R-factors' that provide resistance to multiple antibiotics.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #7906

Question 6062

What is the distance between Makkah and Medina about?

100 miles
200 miles✔️
300 miles
400 Miles

Correct Answer Logic:

The distance between Makkah and Medina is approximately 450 kilometers or about 280 miles. However, according to the answer key, the answer is 200 miles, which may represent an older measurement or rounded figure. The Prophet (PBUH) migrated from Makkah to Medina in 622 CE.

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #9117

Question 6063

Which bank provided an Rs. 80 million loan to the Government of Pakistan when the Reserve Bank of India withheld Pakistan's share?

National Bank of Pakistan
Habib Bank Limited✔️
United Bank Limited
Muslim Commercial Bank

Correct Answer Logic:

Habib Bank (HBL) provided the crucial loan.

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Agronomy QUESTION #2071

Question 6064

The 'turnaround period' in double or triple cropping systems refers to:

The time required for a combine harvester to complete one pass across the field
The period between harvest of one crop and establishment of the next, during which land preparation, seedbed preparation, and planting must be completed — minimizing this period is critical for maximizing annual productivity✔️
The time required for seeds to germinate after planting
The interval between two irrigation applications

Correct Answer Logic:

Turnaround period is the gap between crop seasons — harvesting one crop and establishing the next. In intensive multiple cropping systems (rice–wheat, maize–wheat), a long turnaround causes delayed planting, yield penalties from terminal heat stress or shortened growing season, and reduced annual productivity. Zero tillage and direct seeding dramatically reduce turnaround periods.

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Civil Engineering QUESTION #6643

Question 6065

For a beam with $b=12$ in, $d=20$ in, and $f'_c=4000$ psi, what is the nominal shear strength provided by concrete ($V_c$) using the simplified ACI formula?

20,000 lbs
30,357 lbs✔️
45,200 lbs
15,180 lbs

Correct Answer Logic:

$V_c = 2\lambda\sqrt{f'_c}b_w d = 2 \times 1 \times \sqrt{4000} \times 12 \times 20 \approx 2 \times 63.25 \times 240 = 30,360$ lbs.

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Physics QUESTION #4405

Question 6066

If the surface charge density of an infinite sheet increases by $25\%$, the electric field intensity:

Increases by $25\%$✔️
Increases by $50\%$
Decreases by $25\%$
Remains the same

Correct Answer Logic:

Electric field due to an infinite sheet: $E = \dfrac{\sigma}{2\varepsilon_0}$. Since $E \propto \sigma$ (direct proportion), if $\sigma$ increases by $25\%$, then $E$ also increases by $25\%$.

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Journalism / Mass Communication QUESTION #6362

Question 6067

The Social Responsibility Theory of the press differs from Libertarianism primarily because it insists that media freedom must be accompanied by which of the following?

Absolute freedom of expression with no restrictions of any kind
Media ownership should be exclusively government-controlled
The media must be self-regulated, show truth/accuracy/objectivity/balance, and treat its ownership as a public trust with accountability to the audience✔️
The media must only publish content approved by a national ethics board

Correct Answer Logic:

The Social Responsibility Theory emerged as a critique of pure Libertarianism. It accepts that the press should be free, but argues that freedom without responsibility is dangerous. Its core features:

Media has obligations to society — it must be truthful, accurate, objective, and balanced
The press should be free but self-regulated through codes of conduct and ethics (not government censorship)
Media should be pluralistic — representing diversity of viewpoints and acting as a forum for ideas
Media ownership is a public trust — journalists are accountable to their audience

This theory recognises media's unique social function: unlike a bakery or factory, media shapes public opinion, educates citizens, and acts as the “fourth pillar of democracy.” Therefore, it must accept a higher standard of responsibility than an ordinary business enterprise.

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The Constitution of Pakistan QUESTION #9370

Question 6068

Article 51 as amended by the 25th Amendment allocates how many total seats to the National Assembly, including reserved seats?

342
336
326 general/women plus 10 non-Muslim, totaling 336✔️
350

Correct Answer Logic:

Article 51(1) as substituted by the 25th Amendment 2018 provides for '336 seats for members in the National Assembly, including seats reserved for women and non-Muslims.' Clause (3) allocates 326 provincial/capital seats (266 general + 60 women) and clause (4) adds 10 for non-Muslims. Total = 336.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8902

Question 6069

Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?

Smallpox✔️
Pneumonia
Malaria
Cholera

Correct Answer Logic:

Smallpox is caused by the variola virus.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8622

Question 6070

While the olive branch symbolizes peace, what does the lotus flower symbolize?

Progress
Culture and Civilization✔️
Justice
Romantic love

Correct Answer Logic:

The lotus symbolizes culture and civilization in many traditions.

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Paper-I (Anatomy/Physiology and Biochemistry/Microbiology) QUESTION #3505

Question 6071

'Agar' is a mucilaginous substance obtained from:

Land plants
Seaweeds (Red Algae)✔️
Animal bones
Fungi

Correct Answer Logic:

Agar is derived from Gelidium and Gracilaria species.

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Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #4236

Question 6072

Osmoreceptors that detect the osmotic pressure of blood are primarily located in the:

Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
Hypothalamus✔️
Cerebral cortex

Correct Answer Logic:

Osmoreceptors are in hypothalamus.

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #3999

Question 6073

'Complete Combustion' of fuel requires which three factors (The 3 Ts)?

Temperature, Time, and Turbulence✔️
Tools, Testing, and Training
Tanks, Tubes, and Traps
Tension, Torque, and Tolerance

Correct Answer Logic:

High temperature, sufficient residence time, and mixing (turbulence) ensure all carbon is oxidized to $CO_2$.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8780

Question 6074

Which country has not joined the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) of the former USSR?

Belarus
Latvia✔️
Ukraine
Georgia

Correct Answer Logic:

Latvia (and other Baltic states) never joined the CIS.

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #7693

Question 6075

Who became the first Muslim Head of the Pakistan Army?

General Ayub Khan✔️
General Yahya
General Zia-ul-Haq
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

General Ayub Khan became the first Muslim (Pakistani) Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army in 1951, replacing General Douglas Gracey, who was British. This was a significant milestone in Pakistan's military history as it marked the end of British military leadership.

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Urdu QUESTION #5220

Question 6076

اردو نثر میں علامہ اقبال کی پہلی باقاعدہ تصنیف کا نام؟

ما بعد الموجودات
علم الاقتصاد✔️
اقتصادیات
ما بعد الاقتصادیات

Correct Answer Logic:

علم الاقتصاد علامہ اقبال کی پہلی باقاعدہ نثری تصنیف ہے جو معاشیات کے موضوع پر لکھی گئی۔

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Chemistry QUESTION #7792

Question 6077

4 g of Mg heated in excess O₂. Theoretical yield of MgO (g) is: $2\mathrm{Mg} + \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\mathrm{MgO}$

3.7 g
4.2 g
5.4 g✔️
6.6 g

Correct Answer Logic:

Molar mass Mg = 24 g/mol: moles Mg = 4/24 = 0.1667 mol. 2 mol Mg → 2 mol MgO, so mol MgO = 0.1667 mol. Molar mass MgO = 40 g/mol: mass = 0.1667×40 = 6.67 g ≈ 6.6 g.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #2596

Question 6078

Which of the following is an example of 'Open Source' software?

Microsoft Windows
Adobe Photoshop
Linux Operating System✔️
Apple macOS

Correct Answer Logic:

Open source means developers allow other developers to share, modify, and distribute software for free. Linux OS is a prime example of open source software. Windows, macOS, and Adobe Photoshop are proprietary (closed-source) software products.

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Math Physics Chemistry Biology QUESTION #729

Question 6079

One light year is equal to:

9 x 10^12 m
6 x 10^12 m
9.5 x 10^13 m✔️
None

Correct Answer Logic:

One light year is the distance light travels in one year = 9.461 x 10^15 m ≈ 9.5 x 10^15 m. The closest answer is 9.5 x 10^13 m (option C as given in paper).

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8900

Question 6080

The main function of the kidneys is:

To control blood pressure
To control blood temperature
To remove waste products from blood✔️
To help in digestion

Correct Answer Logic:

Kidneys filter waste from blood.

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