Since $p$ and $s$ are complementary probabilities: $p + s = 1$ (one of them must happen).

So Quantity A $= 1$.

For Quantity B: $ps = p(1-p)$. Since $0 \leq p \leq 1$, the product $p(1-p) \leq \dfrac{1}{4}$ (maximum at $p = 0.5$).

Therefore $ps \leq 0.25 < 1 = p + s$.

Quantity A is always greater.

Ability is employee competence in performing a job (improved through selection, hiring, and training), while motivation refers to a person's desire to do the best possible job or exert maximum effort. Both are necessary for high productivity.

Apply the ideal gas law: $PV = n_{\text{total}}RT$

$n_{\text{total}} = 0.5 + x$

$200 \times 10 = (0.5 + x) \times R \times 1000$

$2000 = 1000R(0.5 + x)$

$2 = R(0.5 + x) = 0.5R + Rx$

$Rx = 2 - 0.5R$

$x = \dfrac{2 - 0.5R}{R} = \dfrac{4 - R}{2R}$

At the point of precipitation: $[\text{Ba}^{2+}][\text{SO}_4^{2-}] = K_{sp} = 1 \times 10^{-10}$

Find $[\text{SO}_4^{2-}]$ in the final mixture:

Moles of SO$_4^{2-}$ added $= 0.050\ \text{L} \times 1\ \text{M} = 0.05\ \text{mol}$

Final volume $= 500\ \text{mL} = 0.5\ \text{L}$

$[\text{SO}_4^{2-}]_{\text{final}} = \dfrac{0.05}{0.5} = 0.1\ \text{M}$

Find $[\text{Ba}^{2+}]$ in the final mixture:

$[\text{Ba}^{2+}]_{\text{final}} = \dfrac{K_{sp}}{[\text{SO}_4^{2-}]} = \dfrac{1\times10^{-10}}{0.1} = 1\times10^{-9}\ \text{M}$

Back-calculate original concentration: Final volume is 10× original Ba$^{2+}$ volume (500 mL total, 450 mL original solution).

Original $[\text{Ba}^{2+}] = 1\times10^{-9} \times \dfrac{500}{450} \approx \mathbf{2\times10^{-9}}\ \text{M}$

In hypovolemic shock, the body compensates through the sympathetic nervous system. The earliest and most sensitive sign is tachycardia (pulse >100 bpm), as baroreceptors detect falling cardiac output and trigger compensatory heart rate increase before blood pressure drops significantly.

The progression of signs in hypovolemic shock:

1. Tachycardia (earliest)
2. Anxiety, restlessness
3. Decreased pulse pressure
4. Hypotension (late sign — indicates severe loss)
5. Decreased urine output (oliguria)
6. Cold, clammy skin, altered consciousness (late/severe)

As a Charge/Head Nurse, recognizing early shock is critical. By the time BP falls, the patient has already lost approximately 30\% or more of circulating blood volume.