Reading Mode - Questions

Biology Zoology Botany QUESTION #1391

Which scientist is known for developing the concept of genetic drift?

Gregor Mendel
Sewall Wright✔️
Charles Darwin
Alfred Russel Wallace

Correct Answer Logic:

Sewall Wright (1889–1988) was the American geneticist and population biologist who developed and formalised the concept of genetic drift (also called the Sewall Wright effect). He showed that random fluctuations in allele frequencies in small populations can cause significant changes in gene frequency over time, independent of natural selection.

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Mathematics QUESTION #6935

Question 4362

A class has 5 girls and 7 boys. Teams of 2 girls and 3 boys are to be formed. However, two specific boys A and B cannot both be on the same team. How many valid teams can be formed?

500
200
300✔️
350

Correct Answer Logic:

Total teams (no restriction): $\binom{5}{2}\binom{7}{3} = 10 \times 35 = 350$

Teams where both A and B are included: Choose remaining 1 boy from 5 others: $\binom{5}{2}\binom{5}{1} = 10 \times 5 = 50$

Valid teams $= 350 - 50 = \mathbf{300}$

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Ability / HR / Governance / Special Education QUESTION #1911

Question 4363

Under Rule 4(2) the Secretary is the official head of the Division and is responsible for which of the following?

Only the policy decisions of the Division
Efficient administration and discipline proper conduct of business and due execution of sanctioned policy✔️
Supervision of attached departments only
Legislative work of the Division only

Correct Answer Logic:

Rule 4(2) makes the Secretary responsible for the Division's efficient administration and discipline proper conduct of assigned business and due execution of sanctioned policy.

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Verbal Reasoning QUESTION #8171

Question 4364

A water supply at a desert outpost is sufficient to last 21 days for a group of 15 people. At the same average rate of consumption per person per day, how many days would that same water supply last for a group of only 9 people?

$28.0$ days
$32.5$ days
$35.0$ days✔️
$37.5$ days

Correct Answer Logic:

Total water supply $=$ (people) $\times$ (days) $\times$ (rate per person per day).

Total supply $= 15 \times 21 = 315$ person-days.

For 9 people: days $= \dfrac{315}{9} = 35$ days.

Answer: 35.0 days.

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Political Science QUESTION #6663

Question 4365

Who is considered the father of 'Liberalism' and advocate for natural rights to life, liberty, and property?

John Locke✔️
Thomas Hobbes
Jeremy Bentham
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

John Locke's 'Two Treatises of Government' laid the groundwork for modern liberal democracy.

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Pakistan Affairs QUESTION #9109

Question 4366

Who wrote the book 'Towards New Pakistan'?

Zahid Ahmed
Munir A. Khan
Dr. A.Q. Khan
Muhammad Ayub Khan✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Field Marshal Ayub Khan wrote 'Towards New Pakistan'.

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English QUESTION #8459

Question 4367

Pick the correctly spelled word from the following:

Formidable✔️
Formidable
Firmidable
Pharmidable

Correct Answer Logic:

The correct spelling is 'Formidable' (option a).

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Nursing QUESTION #9288

Question 4368

A patient is receiving heparin infusion for DVT. The nurse notes signs of overdose. Which antidote should be prepared?

Vitamin K (phytonadione)
Protamine sulfate
✔️
Naloxone
Flumazenil

Correct Answer Logic:

Antidotes for anticoagulants:

Anticoagulant	Antidote
Heparin (unfractionated)	Protamine sulfate
Warfarin	Vitamin K (phytonadione) / Fresh Frozen Plasma
Dabigatran (novel oral anticoagulant)	Idarucizumab
Rivaroxaban/Apixaban	Andexanet alfa

Protamine sulfate is a positively charged protein that binds and neutralizes negatively charged heparin. Signs of heparin overdose: unusual bleeding, hematuria, petechiae, prolonged aPTT. Monitoring: aPTT should be 1.5–2.5 times the control value for therapeutic heparin.

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Reading and Writing (Module-1) QUESTION #5357

Question 4369

A student is looking at data regarding research paper topics for a science fair. Based on the provided chart 'Total Science Research Submissions by Topic, 2016–2019', the student claims that medicine and health saw more submissions in 2019 than in any other year shown. Which choice most effectively uses data from the graph to support the underlined claim?

In 2016, the number of cellular and molecular biology topic submissions was the same as the number of animal science topic submissions.
In 2019, there were more physics and space science topic submissions than there were medicine and health topic submissions.
The lowest number of animal science topic submissions in a year was approximately 95 in 2016.
The highest number of medicine and health topic submissions during the period shown is approximately 285 in 2019.✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

To support the claim about medicine and health in 2019, the data point showing its peak in that year is required.

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Professional QUESTION #1831

Question 4370

Under Section 9(3), promotion to posts in basic pay scales 20 and 21 and equivalent shall be made on the recommendations of a Selection Board. Who heads this Selection Board?

The Federal Secretary of the relevant Ministry
The Chief Secretary of the concerned Province
The Chairman, Federal Public Service Commission✔️
The Principal Accounting Officer of the Ministry

Correct Answer Logic:

Section 9(3) added by Ordinance No. XLIII of 2000 specifies that promotion to posts in BPS-20 and 21 and equivalent shall be made on the recommendations of a Selection Board which shall be headed by the Chairman, Federal Public Service Commission — not a Ministry or Division official.

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Geography QUESTION #1246

Question 4371

Convection currents are found in:

Troposphere✔️
Stratosphere
Ionosphere
None of these

Correct Answer Logic:

Convection currents in the atmosphere occur primarily in the troposphere — the lowest layer of the atmosphere (0–12 km). The troposphere is heated from below by the Earth's surface, making it thermally unstable and prone to convective overturning (warm air rises, cool air sinks). The stratosphere is thermally stable (temperature increases with altitude), suppressing convection.

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2526

Question 4372

A particle moves in a straight line with constant acceleration $a$. Starting from rest ($v_0=0$), the distance traveled in time $t$ is:

$s = at$
$s = \frac{1}{2}at^2$✔️
$s = \frac{at^2}{4}$
$s = 2at^2$

Correct Answer Logic:

For constant acceleration with $v_0=0$: integrating $a=\text{const}$ gives $v=at$, and integrating again gives $s=\frac{1}{2}at^2$.

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Chemistry QUESTION #1019

Question 4373

Match the compounds (List-I) with appropriate catalysts/reagents (List-II) for reduction to amines. (A) $R\text{-CO-NH}_2$ (amide) (B) Nitrobenzene (C) $R\text{-C}{\equiv}\text{N}$ (nitrile) (D) Imide ($N$-substituted cyclic imide). Reagents: (I) NaOH(aq) (II) $\text{H}_2$/Ni (III) $\text{LiAlH}_4, \text{H}_2\text{O}$ (IV) Sn, HCl

(A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
(A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)
(A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)
(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Amide (A) reduced by $\text{LiAlH}_4$ (III). Nitrobenzene (B) reduced by Sn/HCl (IV) — classic reduction. Nitrile (C) reduced by $\text{H}_2/\text{Ni}$ (II). Cyclic imide (D) — Hofmann-like with NaOH(aq) (I). Matching: A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I.

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Nursing QUESTION #9304

Question 4374

A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion. The patient develops sudden onset of chills, fever, back pain, and hemoglobinuria 30 minutes into the transfusion. The most likely complication is:

Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction
Allergic urticarial reaction
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (ABO incompatibility)✔️
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)

Correct Answer Logic:

Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (AHTR) — most dangerous transfusion complication, usually due to ABO incompatibility:

Onset: within first 15–30 minutes of transfusion
Symptoms: fever, chills, back/flank pain (renal involvement), hemoglobinuria (red/brown urine), hypotension, anxiety, sense of doom
Mechanism: Antibodies destroy transfused RBCs → intravascular hemolysis → free hemoglobin → acute renal failure

Immediate nursing actions (STOP-STAY-SUPPORT):

Stop the transfusion immediately
Keep IV line open with normal saline
Notify physician and blood bank STAT
Send blood and urine samples to blood bank
Monitor vital signs every 5 minutes
Return blood bag and tubing to blood bank
Monitor urine output — maintain >100 mL/hr (prevent renal failure)

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Psychology QUESTION #1455

Question 4375

Which term is used for the study of psychological development across the lifespan?

Cognitive psychology
Developmental psychology✔️
Social psychology
Neuropsychology

Correct Answer Logic:

Developmental psychology is the scientific study of how and why humans change across the entire lifespan — from conception through old age. It examines physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development. Key theorists include Piaget (cognitive development), Erikson (psychosocial development), and Vygotsky (social learning). Social psychology studies group behavior; neuropsychology focuses on brain-behavior relationships.

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #1204

Question 4376

Which costing method is most suitable for industries where products are unique and produced to customer specifications?

Process costing
Activity-based costing
Job order costing✔️
Marginal costing

Correct Answer Logic:

Job order costing is used when products are distinct, customized, and produced according to specific customer orders (e.g., custom furniture, construction projects, legal cases). Costs (materials, labor, overhead) are tracked separately for each job or order. Process costing, by contrast, is used for mass production of homogeneous products.

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Physics QUESTION #406

Question 4377

Which device is the most efficient?

Nuclear reactor✔️
Storage battery
Silicon solar cell
Dry battery cell

Correct Answer Logic:

Nuclear reactors have highest efficiency among these

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #6208

Question 4378

Calculate the Present Value ($PV$) of $\$1,100$ to be received in $1$ year with a $10\%$ discount rate.

$1,000✔️
$1,210
$900
$1,100

Correct Answer Logic:

$PV = 1100 / 1.10 = 1000$ [cite: 55].

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Paper-I (Pharmaceutics II (Industrial and Quality Control) and Pharmaceutics III (Hospital and Community Pharmacy)) QUESTION #5745

Question 4379

If a physician refers a patient to a specialized cardiac hospital because the current facility lacks specific treatment, this is known as:

Primary care
Emergency care
Referral or tertiary care✔️
Inpatient discharge

Correct Answer Logic:

This is referral or tertiary care.

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Administration QUESTION #9601

Question 4380

A company's current ratio is 2.5 but its quick ratio is 0.6. What does this disparity most critically reveal about the company's liquidity position, and what risk does it pose to short-term creditors?

The company is in excellent liquidity health — a current ratio above 2.0 always signals strong ability to meet short-term obligations
The company's liquidity is heavily dependent on inventory — if inventory cannot be quickly liquidated (due to obsolescence, market conditions or long conversion cycles), the company may be unable to meet current obligations despite appearing liquid on paper✔️
The company has excessive cash holdings that are suppressing the quick ratio — it should invest idle cash in short-term securities
The disparity indicates aggressive revenue recognition — the company is booking receivables before cash collection, inflating current assets artificially

Correct Answer Logic:

Current ratio includes inventory; quick ratio excludes it. A current ratio of 2.5 with a quick ratio of 0.6 means nearly all current assets are inventory. If inventory is slow-moving, seasonal or perishable, it cannot reliably convert to cash in time to meet current liabilities. This is precisely the risk creditors face — apparent liquidity that evaporates when inventory cannot be sold, a common precursor to liquidity crises in retail and manufacturing firms.

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