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General Knowledge QUESTION #4806

Which of the following countries is NOT a member of SAARC?

Maldives
Myanmar✔️
Bhutan
Afghanistan

Correct Answer Logic:

Myanmar is not a member of SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation). The 8 member states are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #2395

Question 322

Newton's Law of Viscosity for a Newtonian fluid relates shear stress $\tau$ to the velocity gradient $dV/dy$ by:

$\tau = \mu \frac{dV}{dy}$ where $\mu$ is dynamic (absolute) viscosity✔️
$\tau = \nu \frac{dV}{dy}$ where $\nu$ is kinematic viscosity
$\tau = \rho \frac{dV}{dy}$
$\tau = E \frac{dV}{dy}$ where $E$ is bulk modulus

Correct Answer Logic:

Newton's Law of Viscosity: $\tau=\mu\frac{dV}{dy}$ where $\mu$ (Pa·s) is the dynamic viscosity. Newtonian fluids exhibit a linear relationship between shear stress and strain rate.

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3020

Question 323

Which base is used for 'Hydrophilic Ointment USP'?

White Petrolatum
Water-removable base✔️
Polyethylene Glycol
Anhydrous Lanolin

Correct Answer Logic:

Hydrophilic Ointment is a water-removable (O/W) emulsion base.

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Urdu QUESTION #5266

Question 324

کون سی ضربِ مثل درست ہے؟

چیل کے گھر میں کہاں
چیل کے گھونسلے میں گوشت کہاں✔️
چیل کے گھونسلے میں ماس کہاں
چیل کے گھونسلے میں بلی کہاں

Correct Answer Logic:

صحیح ضربِ مثل ہے: 'چیل کے گھونسلے میں گوشت کہاں'۔

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Law QUESTION #9710

Question 325

Article 36 on admissions in civil cases — an admission is NOT relevant if made:

Verbally without witnesses
Upon an express condition that evidence of it is not to be given, or under circumstances showing parties agreed not to give evidence of it✔️
Without legal advice
Before the filing of the suit

Correct Answer Logic:

Article 36 states that in civil cases no admission is relevant if made either upon an express condition that evidence of it is not to be given, or under circumstances from which the Court can infer that the parties agreed together that evidence of it should not be given.

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Dairy Food Science and Technology QUESTION #5923

Question 326

What is the significance of the $F_0$ value in thermal processing of evaporated milk?

It represents the fat content in the final evaporated product
It is the equivalent sterilization time at $121.1^{\circ}\text{C}$ ($250^{\circ}\text{F}$) for a target microorganism: $F_0 = \int 10^{(T-121.1)/z}\,dt$ where $z = 10^{\circ}\text{C}$ for $C.\;botulinum$✔️
It indicates the flowability index of concentrated milk
It is the ratio of evaporation to condensation in the vacuum evaporator

Correct Answer Logic:

$F_0$ is the thermal death time at $121.1^{\circ}\text{C}$ equivalent: $F_0 = \int_0^t 10^{(T-121.1)/z}\,dt$, where $z = 10^{\circ}\text{C}$ for $Clostridium\;botulinum$. For commercial sterilization of evaporated milk, $F_0 \geq 5\text{–}6$ minutes is typically required to achieve a 12-decimal reduction of $Cl.\;botulinum$ spores.

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #9643

Question 327

The key distinction between a Balance Sheet and a Statement of Affairs (in Single Entry System) is:

A Balance Sheet shows assets and liabilities at market value; Statement of Affairs shows at cost
A Balance Sheet presents resources against sources to show financial position; Statement of Affairs calculates owner's equity as a balancing figure✔️
A Statement of Affairs is prepared for partnerships only; Balance Sheet for sole proprietors
Both are identical; the only difference is the name used

Correct Answer Logic:

The Statement of Affairs is used ONLY to derive the owner's equity by subtracting liabilities from assets (Owner's Equity = Assets – Liabilities). A Balance Sheet presents the full financial position by matching resources (assets) against their sources (equity + liabilities).

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #6124

Question 328

A business uses marginal costing. Which formula correctly calculates contribution?

Sales revenue − variable production cost − fixed production cost
Sales revenue − variable production cost − fixed production cost − variable selling expenses
Sales revenue − variable production cost − variable selling expenses✔️
Sales revenue − variable production cost − stepped cost

Correct Answer Logic:

Option C is correct.

Contribution = Sales Revenue − All Variable Costs (variable production costs + variable selling expenses).

Fixed costs are period costs deducted after contribution — they are not part of the contribution formula.

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #6121

Question 329

In which circumstances are unit costing and job costing used?

Option	Unit Costing	Job Costing
A	When a quantity of identical items is made	When each product is different
B	When each product is different	In continuous operations
C	In continuous operations	In continuous operations
D	When a quantity of identical items is made	When each product is different

Option A✔️
Option B
Option C
Option D

Correct Answer Logic:

Option A is correct.

Unit costing: Used for large quantities of identical products in a continuous process (e.g., bricks, bottles).
Job costing: Used when each job/product is unique (e.g., construction, custom printing).

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3594

Question 330

Glycosides are compounds that, upon hydrolysis, yield a sugar part called 'Glycone' and a non-sugar part called:

Anion
Aglycone (Genin)✔️
Enzyme
Lactose

Correct Answer Logic:

The aglycone part is usually responsible for the therapeutic activity of the glycoside.

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Biology QUESTION #7279

Question 331

Which one of the following is commonly used to transfer foreign DNA into crop plants?

Penicillium expansum
Trichoderma harzianum
Meloidogyme incognita
Agrobacterium tumefaciens✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium used extensively as a natural genetic engineer in plant transformation. Its Ti (tumour-inducing) plasmid can be modified to carry a gene of interest and insert it stably into the plant genome. It is the most widely used vector for introducing foreign genes into dicot crop plants.

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Biology Zoology Botany QUESTION #1363

Question 332

In angiosperms, how many nuclei are present in a mature embryo sac?

6
7
8✔️
9

Correct Answer Logic:

A mature angiosperm embryo sac (megagametophyte) contains 8 nuclei organised into 7 cells: 3 antipodal cells (3 nuclei), 2 synergid cells (2 nuclei), 1 egg cell (1 nucleus), and 1 central cell with 2 polar nuclei (2 nuclei). Total = 3+2+1+2 = 8 nuclei in 7 cells. This is the standard Polygonum-type embryo sac.

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English QUESTION #8537

Question 333

The synonym of 'Radiant' is:

Glowing✔️
Glittering
Flickering
Dimming

Correct Answer Logic:

Radiant means shining or glowing brightly.

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Chemistry QUESTION #7189

Question 334

In a mildly alkaline environment, the thiosulphate ion ($S_{2}O_{3}^{2-}$) undergoes oxidation by $MnO_{4}^{-}$ to produce a species designated as 'A'. What is the oxidation state of sulfur in this resulting product 'A'?

2
4
6✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

In a neutral or weakly alkaline medium, permanganate ($MnO_{4}^{-}$) oxidizes thiosulphate ($S_{2}O_{3}^{2-}$) to sulphate ($SO_{4}^{2-}$). The reaction is:

$8MnO_{4}^{-} + 3S_{2}O_{3}^{2-} + H_{2}O \rightarrow 8MnO_{2} + 6SO_{4}^{2-} + 2OH^{-}$

In the sulphate ion ($SO_{4}^{2-}$), the oxidation state of sulfur is $+6$.

[cite: 13]

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Accounting & Finance QUESTION #6162

Question 335

Which financial indicator is considered a 'cumulative' measure of management's success in adding value since the firm's inception?

Economic Value Added (EVA)
Net Income
Market Value Added (MVA)✔️
Return on Equity (ROE)

Correct Answer Logic:

According to Lesson 03, MVA is a cumulative measure of wealth added to equity capital since inception, whereas EVA is for a specific year.

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Nursing QUESTION #9248

Question 336

A patient with pulmonary embolism (PE) in ICU has a BP of $80/50 \text{ mmHg}$, HR $130/\text{min}$, SpO$_2 = 84\%$, and signs of right heart failure on echocardiogram. What is the classification and MOST appropriate immediate treatment?

Submassive PE — start IV heparin infusion
Low-risk PE — give oral rivaroxaban
Massive PE — systemic thrombolysis with alteplase (if no contraindication)✔️
Submassive PE — surgical embolectomy immediately

Correct Answer Logic:

Correct Answer: C — Massive PE — systemic thrombolysis

PE Classification (ESC 2019):

Category	Criteria	Treatment
Massive (High Risk)	Hemodynamic instability: SBP $< 90 \text{ mmHg}$ or drop $\geq 40 \text{ mmHg}$ $> 15$ min	Systemic thrombolysis or surgical embolectomy
Submassive (Intermediate)	Hemodynamically stable + RV dysfunction or elevated troponin/BNP	Anticoagulation ± consider thrombolysis
Low Risk	Hemodynamically stable, no RV dysfunction	Anticoagulation (DOAC or heparin)

Alteplase regimen for massive PE: $100 \text{ mg}$ IV over 2 hours (or $0.6 \text{ mg/kg}$ over 15 min max $50 \text{ mg}$)

Absolute contraindications to thrombolysis include: prior intracranial hemorrhage, active bleeding, recent surgery $< 3$ weeks. If contraindicated → surgical embolectomy or catheter-directed thrombolysis.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8870

Question 337

The 'August Offer' was made by which Viceroy?

Lord Mountbatten
Lord Wavell
Lord Irwin
Lord Linlithgow✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Lord Linlithgow made the August Offer in 1940.

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Administration QUESTION #9602

Question 338

A company pursues a 'Blue Ocean Strategy' by creating an entirely new market space rather than competing in existing markets. Which conventional strategic management tool is this approach most directly challenging, and why?

It challenges Ansoff's matrix — blue ocean strategy operates outside the product/market growth framework entirely
It challenges Porter's Five Forces framework — which assumes competition within a defined industry structure; blue ocean strategy makes the competitive forces irrelevant by creating uncontested market space where the five forces have not yet formed✔️
It challenges the BCG matrix — blue ocean products cannot be classified as stars, cash cows, question marks or dogs because they have no market share benchmarks
It challenges SWOT analysis — because in a blue ocean there are no external threats to analyze

Correct Answer Logic:

Porter's Five Forces analyzes competitive dynamics within an existing industry (rivalry, buyer power, supplier power, substitutes, new entrants). Blue Ocean Strategy (Kim & Mauborgne) argues that sustained profitability comes from making competition irrelevant by creating new demand in uncontested space — directly contradicting the premise that strategy is about competing better within a defined industry structure. The five forces literally do not apply until competitors follow the pioneer into the new space.

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Nursing QUESTION #9163

Question 339

In epidemiology, a cohort study is best described as:

A study that starts with diseased and non-diseased individuals and looks back at exposure
A study that starts with exposed and unexposed groups and follows them forward to observe outcomes✔️
A study of a population at a single point in time
A study based on existing medical records

Correct Answer Logic:

A Cohort Study (also called a prospective study) is an observational analytical study where:

A group of exposed individuals and a group of unexposed individuals are identified
Both groups are followed forward in time to compare the incidence of disease
It calculates Relative Risk (RR)

Comparison of study designs:

Study Type	Direction	Measure
Cohort	Forward (prospective)	Relative Risk (RR)
Case-Control	Backward (retrospective)	Odds Ratio (OR)
Cross-sectional	Single point in time	Prevalence

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Mathematics QUESTION #4141

Question 340

For a particle moving on the ellipse $\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1$ with uniform speed $V$, what is the tangential component of acceleration $a_t$?

$\frac{V^2}{a}$
$0$✔️
$\frac{V^2}{b}$
$\frac{dV}{dt}$

Correct Answer Logic:

For uniform speed, $\frac{dV}{dt} = 0$. Since tangential acceleration $a_t = \frac{dV}{dt}$, we have $a_t = 0$.

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More Options

Suggest a Question

Category	Criteria	Treatment
Massive (High Risk)	Hemodynamic instability: SBP \(< 90 \text{ mmHg}\) or drop \(\geq 40 \text{ mmHg}\) \(> 15\) min	Systemic thrombolysis or surgical embolectomy
Submassive (Intermediate)	Hemodynamically stable + RV dysfunction or elevated troponin/BNP	Anticoagulation ± consider thrombolysis
Low Risk	Hemodynamically stable, no RV dysfunction	Anticoagulation (DOAC or heparin)