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Fluoride ions replace the hydroxide ions in hydroxyapatite: $3Ca_3(PO_4)_2 \cdot Ca(OH)_2 + 2F^- \to 3Ca_3(PO_4)_2 \cdot CaF_2 + 2OH^-$. The product, fluoroapatite $[3Ca_3(PO_4)_2 \cdot CaF_2]$, is harder and more resistant to acid attack than hydroxyapatite, thus protecting teeth from decay.

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MCQs Section QUESTION #5058

Question 3084

اس شعر میں علمِ بیان کی کون سی صورت آئی ہے؟ وہ صبح اور وہ چھاؤں ستاروں کی...

تشبیہ✔️
استعارہ
مجازِ مرسل
کنایہ

Correct Answer Logic:

اس شعر میں تشبیہ استعمال ہوئی ہے جہاں کسی چیز کو کسی دوسری سے تشبیہ دی گئی ہے۔

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Mathematics QUESTION #4158

Question 3085

For the Laplace equation $u_{xx} + u_{yy} = 0$ on $0 < x < a$, $0 < y < b$ with $u(0,y) = u(a,y) = u(x,0) = 0$ and $u(x,b) = f(x)$, what is the general form of solution using separation of variables?

$u(x,y) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n \sin(\frac{n\pi x}{a})\sinh(\frac{n\pi y}{a})$✔️
$u(x,y) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n \cos(\frac{n\pi x}{a})\cosh(\frac{n\pi y}{a})$
$u(x,y) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n \sin(\frac{n\pi x}{a})\cos(\frac{n\pi y}{b})$
$u(x,y) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n e^{\frac{n\pi x}{a}}\sin(\frac{n\pi y}{b})$

Correct Answer Logic:

Boundary conditions $u(0,y) = u(a,y) = 0$ suggest $X(x) = \sin(\frac{n\pi x}{a})$. Condition $u(x,0) = 0$ gives $Y(0) = 0$, so $Y(y) = \sinh(\frac{n\pi y}{a})$.

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MCQs Section QUESTION #5151

Question 3086

مولانا حالی کی طویل نظم مسدسِ حالی کا اصل عنوان کیا ہے؟

مدّ و جزرِ اسلام✔️
مسلمانوں کا تابناک ماضی
حیاتِ طیبہ
مسلمانوں کے عروج و زوال کی داستان

Correct Answer Logic:

مسدسِ حالی کا مکمل عنوان 'مدّ و جزرِ اسلام' ہے جو اسلام کی ترقی اور زوال کی تاریخ پر مبنی ہے۔

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Paper-II (Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutics-I) QUESTION #3060

Question 3087

Under the Drug Act 1976, which schedule deals with 'Finished Drugs'?

Schedule A
Schedule B✔️
Schedule G
Schedule D

Correct Answer Logic:

Schedule B usually refers to the official compendia recognized by the act.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8664

Question 3088

Who wrote the book 'On the Origin of Species'?

Walter Disney
Augustus
Charles Darwin✔️
None of above

Correct Answer Logic:

Charles Darwin authored 'On the Origin of Species'.

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General Knowledge QUESTION #8847

Question 3089

The word 'Alumni' denotes:

Plural of aluminum substance
A former student (plural)✔️
Celebration of trade unionism
Renowned education institution

Correct Answer Logic:

Alumni are former students of a school or university.

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Boilers Mechanical Engineering QUESTION #3993

Question 3090

According to the Ordinance, a 'Boiler' is defined as a closed vessel exceeding a capacity of:

$10~liters$
$22.7~liters$ (or $5~gallons$)✔️
$100~liters$
$500~liters$

Correct Answer Logic:

Smaller vessels are typically excluded from the stringent inspection requirements of the Boiler Ordinance.

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Maths QUESTION #7983

Question 3091

If 4 out of 25 candidates failed a driving test, the percentage of candidates who passed is:

4%
21%
42%
84%✔️

Correct Answer Logic:

Passed $= 25 - 4 = 21$
Percentage $= \dfrac{21}{25} \times 100 = 84\%$

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HR and Management QUESTION #6429

Question 3092

According to the text, the largest single expense in most organizations is:

Raw materials and inventory costs
Technology and infrastructure investment
Labor costs✔️
Marketing and sales expenses

Correct Answer Logic:

The text explicitly states that the largest single expense in most organizations is labor cost, which is often considerably higher than necessary due to problems like absenteeism, tardiness, and discrimination. This makes effective HRM critical for cost management.

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Contracts QUESTION #5842

Question 3093

A Seller tenders non-conforming goods to a Buyer under a shipment contract. The goods are destroyed in transit. Who bears the risk of loss?

The Buyer, because it is a shipment contract.
The Seller, because the goods were non-conforming.✔️
The Carrier, as the bailee of the goods.
The Buyer and Seller share the loss 50/50.

Correct Answer Logic:

Under UCC §2-510(1), if a tender fails to conform, the risk of loss remains on the seller until cure or acceptance.

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CISA QUESTION #1720

Question 3094

Regarding the key roles involved in an audit engagement, which of the following statements correctly defines the relationship between the auditor, the client, and the auditee?

The auditee conducts the audit while the client is the entity being examined.
The auditor performs the audit, and the client is the subject being audited.
The client defines the audit scope, and the auditor executes the work accordingly.✔️
The client funds the audit, and the auditor independently determines the scope.

Correct Answer Logic:

In an audit engagement, the client is the party who commissions the audit, sets the scope, grants authority, and arranges access. The auditee is the organisation, system, or process being examined — the target of the audit. The auditor designs and executes the audit plan in conformance with the client's scope and applicable audit standards. These three roles are distinct and must not be confused.

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Information Technology QUESTION #1150

Question 3095

In a 3-tier architecture, where is the business logic typically located?

Presentation Tier
Application/Logic Tier✔️
Data Tier
Client Tier

Correct Answer Logic:

The middle tier (Application Tier) handles the functional business logic and acts as a bridge between the user interface and the database.

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Sociology QUESTION #1672

Question 3096

Michel Foucault's concept of 'biopower' describes a historically specific modern form of power that operates not primarily through repression or juridical prohibition, but through which distinctive mechanism?

The control and regulation of entire populations through disciplinary techniques, normalization, and the administration of biological life itself✔️
The cultural shaping of biological traits through evolutionary selection pressure
The democratization and dispersal of knowledge to previously excluded populations
The reduction of human behavior to its biological and genetic determinants

Correct Answer Logic:

Foucault developed the concept of biopower in 'The History of Sexuality, Vol. 1' (1976) and 'Discipline and Punish' (1975) to describe modern power's focus on the management of life — both the disciplining of individual bodies (anatomo-politics) and the regulation of populations through statistics, public health, demography, and surveillance (biopolitics).

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Physics QUESTION #398

Question 3097

The acceleration is proportional to the displacement and is directed towards mean position in __________ motion.

Gravity
Simple harmonic✔️
Uniform
Projectile

Correct Answer Logic:

This defines simple harmonic motion

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General Knowledge QUESTION #4640

Question 3098

Clorida is taller than Ivory. Emily is taller than Lovely. Lovely is taller than Enamol. To determine who among them is the tallest, which of the following further information, if any, is required?

Clorida is taller than Enamol and Lovely✔️
No further information is needed
Emily is taller Ivory
Clorida is taller than Lovely

Correct Answer Logic:

4

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Physics QUESTION #7056

Question 3099

Find the work done by $0.5 \text{ moles}$ of an ideal monoatomic gas when it is heated at a constant pressure of $1 \text{ atm}$ from $20^\circ\text{C}$ to $90^\circ\text{C}$. (Take $R = 8.31 \text{ J/mol}\cdot\text{K}$)

$581 \text{ J}$
$291 \text{ J}$✔️
$146 \text{ J}$
$73 \text{ J}$

Correct Answer Logic:

Work done at constant pressure is given by $W = P \Delta V$.

Using the ideal gas law ($PV = nRT$), at constant pressure, $P \Delta V = n R \Delta T$.

$W = 0.5 \times 8.31 \times (90 - 20)$

$W = 0.5 \times 8.31 \times 70 = 35 \times 8.31 = 290.85 \text{ J}$.

Rounding gives approximately $291 \text{ J}$.

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Islamic Studies QUESTION #8220

Question 3100

The Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) named "Ahmad" which Surah of Holy Quran?

Surah Al-Saff✔️
Surah Al-Mohammad
Surah Al-Ambia
Surah AL-Baqarah

Correct Answer Logic:

The name 'Ahmad' (another name of Prophet Muhammad PBUH) is mentioned in Surah As-Saff (61:6). The verse quotes Prophet Isa (Jesus AS) giving glad tidings to the Children of Israel about a messenger to come after him whose name would be Ahmad. This prophecy refers to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). 'Muhammad' means 'the praised one' and 'Ahmad' means 'the most praised one'—both derived from the same root 'h-m-d' meaning praise.

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